Aaron, R.K., Ciombor, D. & Jolly, G. (1989). Stimulation of experimental endochondral ossification by low-energy pulsing electromagnetic fields. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 4, 227-233.
Aaron, R.K. & Ciombor, D.M. (1996). Acceleration of experimental endochrondral ossification by biophysical stimulation of the progenitor cell pool. Journal of Orthopeadic Research, 14, 582-589.
Abdollahzadeh, S., Hammond, S.K. & Schenker, M.B. (1996). Validity of surrogates for determination of 30-1000 Hz magnetic field exposure for video display terminal users in office settings. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 406-410.
Adair, R.K. (1992). Criticism of Lednev's mechanism for the influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 231-235.
Adair, R.K. (1993). Effect of ELF magnetic fields on biological magnetite. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 1-4.
Adair, R.K. (1997). Effects on radical pair reformation of very weak magnetic fields. In The Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields from the Generation, Delivery & Use of Electricity pp. 20-22: San Diego, CA.
Adey, W.R. (1975). Evidence for cooperative mechanisms in the susceptibility of cerebral tissue to environmental and intrinsic electric fields. In Functional Linkage in Biomelecular Systems., Schmitt, F.O., Schneider, D.M. & Crothers, D.M. (eds) pp. 325-342. Raven Press, Publishers: New York.
Adey, W.R. (1981). Tissue interactions with nonionizing electromagnetic fields. Physiological Reviews, 61, 435-514.
Adey, W.R. (1983). Molecular aspects of cell membranes as substrates for interaction with electromagnetic fields. In Synergetics of the Brain, E. Basar, H.F., H. Haken, A. J. Mandell (ed) pp. 201-211. Springer: Berlin.
Afzal, S.M.J. & Liburdy, R.P. (1998). Magnetic fields reduce the growth inhibitory effects of tamoxifen in a human brain tumor cell line. In Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine., Bersani, F. (ed), Vol. In press. Plenum Press: Bologna, Italy.
Ager, D.D. & Radul, J.A. (1992). Effect of 60 Hz magnetic fields on ultraviolet light-induced mutation and mitotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutation Research, 283, 279-286.
Ahlbom, A., Feychting, M. & Koskenvuo, M. (1993). Electromagnetic fields and childhood cancer (letter). Lancet, 342, 1295-1296.
Ahlstrom, P., Teleman, O., Johsson, B. & Forsen, S. (1987). Molecular dynamics simulation of paravalbumin in aqueous solution. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 109, 1541-1551.
Akerstedt, T., Arnetz, B., Ficca, G. & Lars-Eric, P. (1997a). Low frequency electromagnetic fields suppress SWS. Sleep Research, 26, 260.
Akerstedt, T., Arnetz, T., Picca, G., Paulsson, L.E. & Kallner, A. (1997b). Effects of low frequency electromagnetic fields on sleep and some hormones (summary). Stess Research Reports, No. 275.
Anderson, L.E., Sasser, L.B., Morris, J.E. & Miller, D.L. (1997). Large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia in rats exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields: results of the second study using continuous and intermittent fields. Electric Power Research Institute: Palo Alto, CA.
Andersson, B., Berg, M., Arnetz, B.B., Melin, L., Langlet, I. & Liden, S. (1996). A cognitive-behavioral treatment of patients suffering from 'electric hypersensitivity.' Subjective effects and reactions in a double-blind provocation study. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 38, 752-758.
Anisimov, V.N., Zhukova, O.V., Beniashvili, D.S., Bilanishvili, V.G., Menabde, M.Z. & Gupta, D. (1996). Effect of the light regime and electromagnetic fields on carcinogenesis of the mammary gland in female rats. Biophysics, 41, 817-823.
Antonopoulos, A., Yang, B., Stamm, A., Heller, W.-D. & Obe, G. (1995). Cytological effects of 50 hz electromagnetic fields on human lymphocytes in vitro. Mutation Research, 346, 151-157.
Arezzo, J.C., Simson, R. & Brennan, N.E. (1985). Evoked potentials in the assessment of neurotoxicity in humans. Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology, 7, 299-304.
Arkin, M.R., Stemp, E.D.A., Holmlin, R.E., Barton, J.K., Hormann, A., Olson, E.J.C. & Barbara, P.F. (1996). Rates of DNA-mediated electron transfer between metallonintercalators. Science, 273, 475-480.
Armstrong, B., Thériault, G., Guénel, P., Deadman, J., Goldberg, M. & Heroux, P. (1994). Association between exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields and cancer in electric utility workers in Quebec, Canada, and France. American Journal of Epidemiology, 140, 805-820.
Armstrong, B.G., Deadman, J.E. & Thériault, G. (1990). Comparison of indices of ambient exposure to 60-hertz electric and magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 11, 337-347.
Arnetz, B.B. (1997). Technological stress: psychophysiological aspects of working with modern information technology. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health., 23, 97-103.
Arnetz, B.B. & Berg, M. (1996). Melatonin and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels in video display unit workers during work and leisure. Journal of Occupational Medicine, 38, 1108-1110.
Arnetz, B.B., Berg, M. & Arnetz, J. (1997). Mental strain and physical symptoms among employees in modern offices. Archive of Environmental Health, 52, 63-67.
Asanova, T.P. & Rakov, A.N. (1966). The health status of people working in the electric field of open 400-500 KV switching structures. Gigiena Truda I Professionalnye Zabolevaniia, 10, 50-52.
Astumian, R.D., Adair, R.K. & Weaver, J.C. (1997). Stochastic resonance at the single-cell level (letter). Nature, 388, 632-633.
Astumian, R.D., Weaver, J.C. & Adair, R.K. (1995). Rectification and signal averaging of weak electric fields by biological cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 92, 3740-3743.
Azadniv, M., Klinge, C.M., Gelein, R., Carstensen, E.L., Cox, C., Brayman, A.A. & Miller, M.W. (1995). A test of the hypothesis that a 60 Hz magnetic field affects ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse l929 cells in vitro. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 214, 627-631.
Babbitt, J.T., Kharazi, A.I., Taylor, J.M.G., Rafferty, C.N., Kovatch, R., Bonds, C.B., MIrell, S.G., Frumkin, E., Dietrich, F., Zhuang, D. & Hahn, T.J.M. (1998). Leukemia/lymphoma in mice exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields: Results of the chronic exposure study. EPRI: Los Angeles.
Babu, Y.S., Bugg, C.E. & Cook, W.J. (1988). Structure of calmodulin refined at 2.2 Angstroms resolution. Journal of Molecular Biology, 204, 191-204.
Bakos, J., Nagy, N., Thuroczy, G. & Szabo, L.D. (1995). Sinusoidal 50 Hz microtesla magnetic field has no acute effect on urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin in Wistar rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 377-380.
Bakos, J., Nagy, N., Thuroczy, G. & Szabo, L.D. (1997). Urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin excretion is increased in rats after 24 hours of exposure to vertical 50 Hz 100 microtesla magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 190-192.
Balcer-Kubiczek, E.K., Zhang, X.-F., Harrison, G.H., McCready, W.A., Shi, Z.-M., Han, L.-H., Abraham, J.M., Ampey, L.L., III, Meltzer, S.J., Jacobs, M.C. & Davis, C.C. (1996). Rodent cell transformation and immediate early gene expression following 60 Hz magnetic field exposure. Environmental Health Perspectives, 104, 1188-1198.
Baldwin, W.S. & Barrett, J.C. (1998). Melatonin: receptor-mediated events that may affect breast and other steroid hormone-dependent cancers. Molecular Carcinogenesis, 21, 149-155.
Baris, D. & Armstrong, B. (1990). Suicide among electric utility workers in England and Wales. British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 47, 788-789.
Baris, D., Armstrong, B.G., Deadman, J. & Thériault, G. (1996a). A case cohort study of suicide in relation to exposure to electrical and magnetic fields among electrical utility workers. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 53, 17-24.
Baris, D., Armstrong, B.G., Deadman, J. & Thériault, G. (1996b). A mortality study of electrical utility workers in Quebec. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 53, 25-31.
Barker, A.T., Dixon, R.A., Sharrard, W.J. & Sutcliffe, M.L. (1984). Pulsed magnetic field therapy for tibial non-union. interim results of a double-blind trial. Lancet, 994-996.
Barnes, F., Wachtel, H., Savitz, D. & Fuller, J. (1989). Use of wiring configuration and wiring codes for estimating externally generated electric and magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 10, 13-21.
Barnes, F.S. (1986). Interaction of DC electric fields with living matter. Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, Polk, C.; Postow, E., eds. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc.; 99-119.
Barnes, F.S. (1996). Interaction of DC and ELF electric fields with biological materials and systems. Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. Second Edition. C. Polk, E. Postow, eds., Boca Raton: CRC Press, 103-147.
Barroetavena, M.C., Ross, R. & Teschke, K. (1994). Electric and magnetic fields at three pulp and paper mills. American Industrial Hygiene Assocication Journal, 55, 358-363.
Barron, H.V. & Lesh, M.D. (1996). Autonomic nervous system and sudden cardiac death. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 27, 1053-1060.
Bassen, H., Litovitz, T., Penafiel, M. & Meister, R. (1992). ELF in vitro exposure systems for inducing uniform electric and magnetic fields in cell culture media. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 183-198.
Bassett, C.A., Mitchell, S.N. & Gaston, S.R. (1981). Treatment of ununited tibial diaphyseal fractures with pulsing electromagnetic fields. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [American], 63-A, 511-523.
Bassett, C.A.L., Pilla, A.A. & Pawluk, R.J. (1977). A non-operative salvage of surgically-resistant pseudarthroses and non-unions by pulsing electromagnetic fields: a preliminary report. Clinical Orthopaedics, 128-143.
Baum, A., Mevissen, M., Kamino, K., Mohr, U. & Löscher, W. (1995). A histopathological study on alterations in DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats with 50 Hz, 100 µT magnetic field exposure. Carcinogenesis, 16, 119-125.
Bawin, S.M., Gavalas-Medici, R.J. & Adey, W.R. (1973). Eeffects of modulated very high frequency on specific brain rhythms in cats. Brain Research, 58, 365-384.
Becker, R.O. (1961). The bioelectric factors in amphibian-limb regeneration. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 43-A, 643-656.
Belanger, K., Leaderer, B., Kellenbrand, K., Holford, T., McSharry, J.-e., Power, M.-E. & Bracken, M. (1998). Spontaneous abortion and exposure to electric blankets and heated water beds. Epidemiology, 9, 36 - 42.
Bell, G.B., Marino, A.A. & Chesson, A.L. (1992). Alterations in brain electrical activity caused by magnetic fields: detecting the detection process. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol, 83, 389-397.
Bell, G.B., Marino, A.A., Chesson, A.L. & Struve, F.A. (1991). Human sensitivity to weak magnetic fields. Lancet, 338, 1521-1522.
Beniashvili, D.S., Bilanishvili, V.G. & Menabde, M.Z. (1991). Low-frequency electromagnetic radiation enhances the induction of rat mammary tumors by nitrosomethyl urea. Cancer Letters, 61, 75-79.
Bennett, W.R., Jr. (1994). Cancer and power lines. Physics Today, 47, 23-29.
Berg, M., Arnetz, B.B., Liden, S., Eneroth, P. & Kallner, A. (1992). Techno-stress. a psychophysiological study of employees with vdu-associated skin complaints. Journal of Occupational Medicine, 34, 698-701.
Berg, M., Liden, S. & Axelson, O. (1990). Facial skin complaints and work at visual display units: An epidemiological study of office employees. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 22, 621-625.
Bergqvist, U. & Vogel, E. (1997). Possible health implications of subjective symptoms and electromagnetic fields. A report by a European Experts for the European Commission, DG V. Arbete och Halsa.
Bergqvist, U. & Wahlberg, J.E. (1994). Skin symptoms and disease during work with visual display terminals. Contact Dermatitis, 30, 197-204.
Berman, E., Chacon, L., House, D., Koch, B.A., Koch, W.E., Leal, J., Lovtrup, S., Mantiply, E., Martin, A.H., Martucci, G.I., Mild, K.H., Monahan, J.C., Sandström, M., Shamsaifar, K., Tell, R., Trillo, M.A., Ubeda, A. & Wagner, P. (1990). Development of chicken embryos in a pulsed magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics, 11, 169-187.
Bernardi, L., M.D., Ricordi, L., M.D., Lazzari, P., M.D., Solda, P., M.D., Calciati, A., M.D., Ferrari, M.R., M.D., Vandea, I., M.D., Finardi, G., M.D. & Fratino, P., M.D. (1992). Impaired circadian modulation of sympathovagal activity in diabetes. Circulation, 86, 1443-1452.
Berridge, M.J. (1989). Cell signalling through cytoplasmic calcium oscillations. In Cell to Cell Signaling: From Experiments to Theoretical Models, Goldbeter, A. (ed) pp. 449-459. Academic Press.
Berridge, M.J. & Galione, A. (1988). Cytosolic calcium oscillators. FASEB Journal, 2, 3074-3082.
Bersani, F., Cossarizza, A. & Franceschi, C. (1989). Effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on immunocompetent cells, In vitro studies. Alta Frequenza, LVIII, 375-380.
Bezrukov, S.M. (1996). The status of 1/f noise research in biological systems: empherical picture and theories. In Proceedings of the First International Conference on Unsolved Problems of Noise: Szeged, Hungary.
Bezrukov, S.M. & Vodyanoy, I. (1997a). Stochastic resonance at the single-cell level. Nature, 388, 632-633.
Bezrukov, S.M. & Vodyanoy, I. (1997b). Stochastic resonance in non-dynamical systems without response thresholds. Nature, 385, 319-321.
Bigger, J., Jr, M.D., Fleiss, J.L., PhD, Rolnitzky, L.M. & Steinman, R.C. (1993). The ability of several short-term measures of RR variability to predict mortality after myocardial infarction. Circulation, 88, 927-934.
Binninger, D.M. & Ungvichian, V. (1997). Effects of 60 Hz AC magnetic fields on gene expression following exposure over multiple cell generations using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Bioeletrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 43, 83-89.
Black, D.W., Rathe, A. & Goldstein, R. (1990). Environmental illness: a controlled study of 26 subjects with '20th century disease'. JAMA, 264, 3166-3170.
Blackman, C.F. (1994). Effect of electrical and magnetic fields on the nervous system. The Vulnerable Brain and Environmental Risks, Vol. 3: Toxins in Air and Water, R. L. Isaacson, K. F. Jensen, eds., New York: Plenum Press, 341-355.
Blackman, C.F., Benane, S.G. & House, D.E. (1993a). Evidence for direct effect of magnetic fields on neurite outgrowth. FASEB Journal, 7, 801-806.
Blackman, C.F., Benane, S.G., House, D.E. & Pollock, M.M. (1993b). Action of 50 Hz magnetic fields on neurite outgrowth in pheochromocytoma cells. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 273-286.
Blackman, C.F., Blanchard, J.P., Benane, S.G. & House, D.E. (1994). Empirical test of an ion parametric resonance model for magnetic field interactions with PC-12 cells. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 239-260.
Blackman, C.F., Blanchard, J.P., Benane, S.G. & House, D.E. (1995). The ion parametric resonance model predicts magnetic field parameters that affect nerve cells. FASEB Journal, 9, 547-551.
Blackman, C.F., Blanchard, J.P., Benane, S.G. & House, D.E. (1996). Effect of AC and DC magnetic field orientation on nerve cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication, 220, 807-811.
Blackman, C.F., Blanchard, J.P., Benane, S.G., House, D.E. & Elder, J.A. (1998). Double blind test of magnetic field effects on neurite outgrowth. Bioelectromagnetics, in press.
Blackwell, R.P. (1986). Effects of extremely-low-frequency electric fields on neuronal activity in rat brain. Bioelectromagnetics 7(4):425-434 published erratum appears in: Bioelectromagnetics 8(2):213, 1987.
Blackwell, R.P. & Reed, A.L. (1985). Effects of electric field exposure on some indices of cns arousal in the mouse. Bioelectromagnetics, 6, 105-107.
Blair, A., Burg, J., Foran, J., Gibb, H., Greenland, S., Morris, R., Raabe, G., Savitz, D., Teta, J., Wartenberg, O., Wong, O. & Zimmerman, R. (1995). Guidelines for application of meta-analysis in environmental epidemiology. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 22, 189-197.
Blanchard, J.P. & Blackman, C.F. (1994). Clarification and application of an ion parametric resonance model for magnetic field interactions with biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 217-238.
Blanchard, J.P., Blackman, C.F. & House, D.E. (1995). Reply to comments on "clarification and application of an ion parametric resonance model for magnetic field interactions with biological systems". Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 274-275.
Blank, M. (1992). Na, K-ATPase function in alternating electric fields. FASEB Journal, 6, 2434-2438.
Blank, M. & Goodman, R. (1997). Do electromagnetic fields interact directly with DNA? Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 111-115.
Blank, M. & Soo, L. (1992a). Temperature dependence of electric field on Na, K-ATPase. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 28, 291-299.
Blank, M. & Soo, L. (1992b). Threshold for inhibition of Na, K-ATPase by ELF alternating currents. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 329-333.
Blank, M., Soo, L. & Papstein, V. (1995). Effects of low frequency magnetic fields on Na, K-ATPase activity. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 38, 267-273.
Blankenship, R.E., Schaafsma, T.J. & Parson, W.W. (1977). Magnetic field effects on radical pair intermediates in bacterial photosynthesis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 461, 297-305.
Blask, D.E. (1993). Melatonin in oncology. In Melatonin: Biosynthesis, Physiological Effects, 'A' and Clinical Applications., Yu, H.S., Reiter, R. (ed). CRC: Boca Raton, FL.
Blondin, J.-P., Nguyen, D.-C., Sbeghen, J., Goulet, D., Cardinal, C., Maruvada, P.S., Plante, M. & Bailey, W.H. (1996). Human perception of electric fields and ion currents associated with high-voltage DC transmission lines. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 230-241.
Bongrad, P. (1988). Intermolecular forces. In Physical Basis of Cell-Cell Adhesion, Bongrad, P. (ed) pp. 1-38. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL.
Boorman, G.A., Gauger, J.R., Johnson, T.R., Tomlinson, M.J., Findlay, J.C., Travlos, G.S. & McCormick, D.L. (1997). Eight-week toxicity study of 60 Hz magnetic fields in F344 rats and B6C3f1 mice. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, 35, 55-63.
Borle, A.B. (1990). An overview of techniques for the measurement of calcium distribution, calcium fluxes, and cytosolic free calcium in mammalian cells. Environmental Health Perspectives, 84, 45-56.
Borsalino, G., Bagnacani, M., Bettati, E., Fornaciari, F., Rocchi, R., Uluhogian, S., Ceccherelli, G., Cadossi, R. & Traina, G.C. (1988). Electrical stimulation of human femoral intertrochanteric osteotomies. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 237, 256-263.
Bowman, J., Kelsh, M. & Kaune, W. (1998). Manual for measuring occupational electric and magnetic field exposures. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health: Cincinnati, OH.
Bowman, J., Thomas, D., Jiang, L., Jiang, F. & Peters, J. (1997). Residential magnetic fields predicted from wiring configurations: I. Exposure model. Submitted to Bioelectromagnetics July 17, 1997.
Bowman, J., Thomas, D., London, S. & Peters, J. (1995). The risk of childhood leukemia may be related to combinations of power-frequency and static magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 48-59.
Bowman, J.D., Garabrant, D.H., Sobel, E. & Peters, J.M. (1988). Exposures to extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields in occupations with elevated leukemia rates. Applied Industrial Hygiene, 3, 189-194.
Bowman, J.D. & Methner, M.M. (1998). Hazard surveillance for workplace magnetic fields: II. Field characteristics from waveform measurements. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Submitted.
Bracken, M.B., Belanger, K., Hellenbrand, K., Dlugosz, L., Holford, T.R., McSharry, J.-E., Addesso, K. & Leaderer, B. (1995a). Exposure to electromagnetic fields during pregnancy with emphasis on electrically heated beds: association with birthweight and intrauterine growth retardation. Epidemiology, 6, 263-270.
Bracken, T.D. (1991). Occupational exposure assessment for electric and magnetic fields in the 10-1000 Hz frequency range. Health Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields on Workers, Proceedings of a Scientific Workshop, January 30-31, 1991, Cincinnati, OH. P. J. Bierbaum and J. M. Peters, eds., DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 91-111, 125-165.
Bracken, T.D., Kheifets, L.I. & Sussman, S.S. (1993). Exposure assessment for power frequency electric and magnetic fields (EMF) and its application to epidemiologic studies. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 3, 1-22.
Bracken, T.D., Rankin, R.F., Senior, R.S., Alldredge, J.R. & Sussman, S.S. (1995b). Magnetic field exposure among utility workers. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 216-226.
Brent, R.L., Gordon, W.E., Bennett, W.R. & Beckman, D.A. (1993). Reproductive and teratologic effects of electromagnetic fields. Reproductive Toxicology, 7, 535-580.
Breysse, P., Lees, P.S.J., McDiarmid, M.A. & Curbow, B. (1994a). ELF magnetic field exposures in an office environment. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 25, 177-185.
Breysse, P.N., Matanoski, G.M., Elliott, E.A., Francis, M., Kaune, W. & Thomas, K. (1994b). 60 hertz magnetic field exposure assessment for an investigation of leukemia in telephone lineworkers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 26, 681-691.
Brocklehurst, B. & McLauchlan, K.A. (1996). Free radical mechanism for the effects of environmental electromagnetic fields on biological systems. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 69, 3-24.
Bruckner-Lea, C., Durney, C.H., Janata, J., Rappaport, C. & Kaminski, M. (1992). Calcium binding to metallochromic dyes and calmodulin in the presence of combined, AC-DC magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 147-162.
Buch, F., Jonsson, B., Mallmin, H. & Kalebo, P. (1993). The quantification of bone tissue regeneration after electromagnetic stimulation. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, 112, 75-78.
Bunin, G.R., Ward, E., Kramer, S., Rhee, C.A. & Meadows, A.T. (1990). Neuroblastoma and parental occupation. American Journal of Epidemiology, 131, 776-780.
Burack, G.D., Seto, Y.J., Hsieh, S.T. & Dunlap, J.L. (1984). The effects of prenatal exposure to a 60 Hz high-intensity electric field on postnatal development and sexual differentiation. Journal of Bioelectricity, 3, 451-467.
Burch, J.B., Reif, J.S., Yost, M.G., Keffe, T.J. & Pitrat, C.A. (1998). Nocturnal excretion of a urinary melatonin metabolite in electric utility workers. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, in press.
Burchard, J.F., Nguyen, D.H., Richard, L. & Block, E. (1996). Biological effects of electric and magnetic fields on productivity of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 79, 1549-1554.
Byus, C.V., Pieper, S.E. & Adey, W.R. (1987). The effects of low-energy 60 Hz environmental electromagnetic fields upon the growth-related enzyme ornithine decarboxylase. Carcinogenesis, 8, 1385-1389.
Cadossi, R., Bersani, F., Cossarizza, A., Zucchini, P., Emilia, G., Torelli, G. & Franceschi, C. (1992). Lymphocytes and low-frequency electromagnetic fields. FASEB Journal, 6, 2667-2674.
Cameron, I.L. (1993). Environmental magnetic fields: influences on early embryogenesis. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 51, 417-425.
Canfield, J.M., Belford, R.L., Debrunner, P.G. & Schulten, K.J. (1994). A perturbation theory treatment of oscillating magnetic fields in the radical pair mechanism. Chemical Physics, 182, 1-18.
Cantoni, O., Sestili, P., Fiorani, M. & Dacha, M. (1995). The effect of 50 Hz sinusoidal electric and/or magnetic fields on the rate of repair of DNA single/double strand breaks in oxidatively injured cells. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International, 37, 681-689.
Cantor, K.P., Dosemeci, M., Brinton, L.A. & Stewart, P.A. (1995a). Re: 'Breast cancer mortality among female electrical workers in the United States' (letter). Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 87, 227-228.
Cantor, K.P., Stewart, P.A., Brinton, L.A. & Dosemeci, M. (1995b). Occupational exposures and female breast cancer mortality in the United States. Journal of Occupational Environmental Medicine, 37, 336-348.
Carstensen, E.L. (1987). Biological Effects of Transmission Line Fields. Elsevier Science Publishing Co, Inc.: New York.
Chernoff, N., Rogers, J.M. & Kavet, R. (1992). A review of the literature on potential reproductive and developmental toxicity of electric and magnetic fields. Toxicology, 74, 91-126.
Cheung, W.Y. (1982). Calmodulin. Scientific American, 246, 62-70.
Chew, W.C. (1984). Dielectric enhancement and electrophoresis due to an electrochemical double layer: a uniform approximation. Journal of Chemical Physics, 80, 4541-4552.
Chiabrera, A., Bianco, B., Caratozzolo, F., Giannetti, G., Grattarola, M. & Viviani, R. (1985). Elecrtric and magnetic field effects on ligand binding to the cell membrane. In Interactions Between Electromagnetic Fields and Cells, Chiabrera, A., Nicolini, C. & Schwan, H.P. (eds).
Coelho, A.M., Jr., Easley, S.P. & Rogers, W.R. (1991). Effects of exposure to 30 kV/m, 60 Hz electric fields on the social behavior of baboons. Bioelectromagnetics, 12, 117-135.
Coelho, A.M., Jr., Rogers, W.R. & Easley, S.P. (1995). Effects of concurrent exposure to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields on the social behavior of baboons. Bioelectromagnetics, 3, 71-92.
Coelho, R. (1979). Physics of dieletrics for the engineer. Scientific Publishing Company: New York.
Cohen, H.D., Graham, C., Cook, M.R. & Phelps, J.W. (1992). ELF exposure facility for human testing. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 169-182.
Cohen, M.M., Kunska, A., Astemborski, J.A. & McCulloch, D. (1986a). The effect of low-level 60 Hz electromagnetic fields on human lymphoid cells II. Sister-chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid cells lines. Mutation Research, 172, 177-184.
Cohen, M.M., Kunska, A., Astemborski, J.A., McCulloch, D. & Paskewitz, D.A. (1986b). Effect of low-level, 60 Hz electromagnetic fields on human lymphoid cells: I. Mitotic rate and chromosome breakage in human peripheral lymphocytes. Bioelectromagnetics, 7, 415-423.
Collins, J.J., Imhoff, T.T. & Grigg, P. (1996). Noise-enhanced information transmission in rat SA1 cutaneous mechanoreceptors via aperiodic stochastic resonance. Journal of Neurophysiology, 76, 642-645.
Coogan, P.F., Clapp, R.W., Newcomb, P.A., Wenzl, T.B., Bogdan, G., Mittendorf, R., Baron, J.A. & Longnecker, M.P. (1996). Occupational exposure to 60-hertz magnetic fields and risk of breast cancer in woman. Epidemiology, 7, 459-464.
Cook, M.R., Graham, C., Cohen, H.D. & Gerkovich, M.M. (1992). A replication study of human exposure to 60 Hz fields: effects on neurobehavioral measures. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 261-285.
Cooper, L.J., Graves, H.B., Smith, J.C., Poznaniak, D. & Madjid, A.H. (1981). Behavioral responses of pigeons to high-intensity 60 Hz electric fields. Behavioral and Neural Biology, 32, 214-228.
Cossarizza, A., Monti, D., Sola, P., Moschini, G., Cadossi, R., Bersani, F. & Franceschi, C. (1989). DNA repair after gamma irradiation in lymphocytes exposed to low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields. Radiation Research, 118, 161-168.
Cox, J.A. (1988). Interactive properties of calmodulin. Biochemical Journal, 249, 621-629.
Cozens, F.L. & Scaiano, J.C. (1993). A comparative study of magnetic field effects on the dynamics of geminate and random radical pair processes in micelles. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 115, 5204-5211.
Creim, J.A., Lovely, R.H., Kaune, W.T. & Phillips, R.D. (1984). Attempts to produce taste-aversion learning in rats exposed to 60 Hz electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 5, 271-282.
Cress, L.W., Desta, A.B., Thomas, D.P. & Swicord, M.L. (1995). A replication of ornithine decarboxylase enhancement by 60 Hertx magnetic fields (meeting abstract). In Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields from the Generation, Delivery and Use of Electricity. pp. 57-58: Palm Springs, CA.
Cruess, R.L., Kan, K. & Bassett, C.A.L. (1983). The effect of pulsing electromagnetic fields on bone metabolism in experimental disuse osteoporosis. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 245-250.
Davanipour, Z., Sobel, E., Bowman, J.D., Qian, Z. & Will, A.D. (1997). Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and occupational exposure to elctromagnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 28-35.
Davies, M.S. (1996). Effects of 60 Hz electromagnetic fields on early growth in three plant species and a replication of previous results. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 154-161.
Davis, H.P., Mizumori, S.J.Y., Allen, H., Rosenzweig, M.R., Bennett, E.L. & Tenforde, T.S. (1984). Behavioral studies with mice exposed to DC and 60 Hz magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 5, 147-164.
Dawson, T.W., Caputa, K. & Stuchly, M.A. (1996). Organ dosimetry for human exposure to 60 Hz electric or magnetic fields. In The Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields From the Generation, Delivery & Use of Electricity. pp. 26-27: San Antonio, TX.
Dawson, T.W., Caputa, K. & Stuchly, M.A. (1997). High-resolution organ dosimetry for human exposure to low-frequency electric fields. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1-8.
de Bruyn, L. & de Jager, L. (1994). Electric field exposure and evidence of stress in mice. Environmental Research, 65, 149-160.
de Lorge, J. & Grisset, J. (1977). Behavioral effects in monkeys exposed to extremely low frequency electrmagnetic fields. International Journal of Biometeorolgy, 21, 357-365.
de Vita, R., Cavailo, L., Raganella, P., Eleuteri, M.G., Grollino, M.G. & Calugi, A. (1995). Effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on mouse spermatogenesis monitored by flow cytometric analysis. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 330-334.
Deadman, J.E., Camus, M., Armstrong, B.G., Heroux, P., Cyr, D., Plante, M. & Thériault, G. (1988). Occupational and residential 60 Hz electromagnetic fields and high-frequency electric transients: exposure assessment using a new dosimeter. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 49, 409-419.
Deapen, D.M. & Henderson, B.E. (1986). A case-control study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 123, 790-799.
Dees, C., Garrett, S., Henley, D. & Travis, C. (1996). Effects of 60 Hz fields, estradiol and xenoestrogens on human breast cancer cells. Radiation Research, 146, 444-452.
Dekker, J.M., Schouten, E.G., Klootwijk, P., Pool, J., Swenne, C.A. & Kromhout, D. (1997). Heart rate variability from short electrocardiographic recordings predicts mortality from all causes in middle-aged and elderly men. American Journal of Epidemiology, 145, 899-908.
Delaplace, L.R. & Reilly, J.P. (1978). Electric and magnetic field coupling from high voltage AC power transmission lines-classification of short-term effects on people. IEEE Transcations on Power Apparatus and Systems, PAS-97, 2243-2252.
Delpizzo, V. (1990). A model to assess personal exposure to ELF magnetic fields from common household sources. Bioelectromagnetics, 11, 139-147.
Delpizzo, V. (1993). Misclassification of ELF occupational exposure resulting from spatial variation of the magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 117-130.
Delpizzo, V. & Salzberg, M.R. (1992). Relative-risk-estimate bias and loss of power in the Mantel test for trend resulting from the use of magetic-field point-in-time ("spot") measurements in epidemiological studies based on an ordinal exposure scale. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 363-378.
Delpizzo, V., Salzberg, M.R. & Farish, S.J. (1991). The use of 'spot' measurements in epidemiological studies of the health effects of magnetic field exposure. International Journal of Epidemiology, 20, 448-455.
Demers, P.A., Thomas, D.B., Rosenblatt, K.A., Jimenez, L.M., McTiernan, A., Stalsberg, H., Stemhagen, A., Thompson, W.D., Curnen, M.G.M., Satanano, W., Austin, D.F., Isacson, P., Greenberg, R.S., Key, C., Kolonel, L.N. & West, D.W. (1991). Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and breast cancer in men. American Journal of Epidemiology, 134, 340-347.
Dennis, J.A., Muirhead, C.R. & Ennis, J.R. (1991). Epidemiological studies of exposures to electromagnetic fields: I. General health and birth outcome. Journal of Radiological Protocols, 11, 3-12.
Derenyi, I. & Astumian, R.D. (1998). Spontaneous onset of coherence and energy storage by membrane transporters in an RLC electric circuit. Physical Review Letters, 80, 4602-4605.
Desjobert, H., Hillion, J., Adolphe, M., Averlant, G. & Nafziger, J. (1995). Effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on c-myc transcript levels in nonsynchronized and synchronized human cells. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 277-283.
Dibirdik, I., Kristupaitis, D., Kurosaki, T., Tuel-Ahlgren, L., Chu, A., Pond, D., Tuong, D., Luben, R. & Uckun, F. (1998). Stimulation of Src family protein-tyrosine kinases as a proximal and mandatory step for SYK kinase-dependent phospholipase C(gamma)2 activation in lymphoma B-cells exposed to low energy electromagnetic fields. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273, 4035-4039.
Dick, R. & Johnson, B. (1986). Human experimental studies. In Neurobehavioral Toxicology, Annau, Z. (ed). John Hopkins University Press: Baltimore.
DiGiovanni, J. (1992). Multistage carcinogenesis in mouse skin. Pharmaceutical Therapy, 54, 63-128.
Dlugosz, L., Vena, J., Byers, T., Sever, L., Bracken, M. & Marshall, E. (1992). Congenital defects and electric bed heating in New York state: a register-based case-control study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 135, 1000-1011.
Dobson, J. & Grassi, P. (1996). Magnetic properties of human hippocampal tissue -- evaluation of artefact and contamination sources. Brain Research Bulletin, 39, 255-259.
Dockerty, J.D., Elwood, J.M., Skeff, D.C.G. & Herbison, G.P. (1998). Electromagnetic field exposures and childhood cancers in New Zealand. Cancer Causes and Control, 9, in press.
Donchin, E. (1984). Cognitive Psychophysiology: Event-Related Potentials and the Study of Cognition. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Hillsdale, NJ.
Douglass, J.K., Wilkens, L., Pantazelou, E. & Moss, F. (1993). Noise enhancement of information transfer in crayfish mechanoreceptors by stochastic resonance. Nature, 365, 337-340.
Dovan, T., Kaune, W.T. & Savitz, D.A. (1993). Repeatability of measurements of residential magnetic fields and wire codes. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 145-159.
Dowman, R., Wolpaw, J.R., Seegal, R.F. & Satya-Murti, S. (1989). Chronic exposure of primates to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields: III. neurophysiologic effects. Bioelectromagnetics, 10, 303-317.
Doynov, P., Cohen, H.D., Cook, M.R. & Graham, C. (1998). Test facility for human exposure to AC and DC magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, In press.
Dragan, Y.P. & Pitot, H.C. (1992). The role of the stages of initiation and promotion in phenotypic diversity during hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. Carcinogenesis, 13, 739-750.
Dubocovich, M.L. (1995). Melatonin receptors: are there multiple subtypes? Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 16, 50-56.
Durney, C.H., Rushforth, C.K. & Anderson, A.A. (1988). Resonant AC-DC Magnetic fields: calculated response. Bioelectromagnetics, 9, 315-336.
Easley, S.P., Coelho, A.M., Jr. & Rogers, W.R. (1991). Effects of exposure to a 60-kV/m, 60 Hz electric field on the social behavior of baboons. Bioelectromagnetics, 12, 361-375.
Easley, S.P., Coelho, A.M., Jr. & Rogers, W.R. (1992). Effects of a 30 kV/m, 60 Hz electric field on the social behavior of baboons: a crossover experiment. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 395-400.
Eichwald, C. & Kaiser, F. (1993). Model for receptor-controlled cytosolic calcium oscillatiions and for external influences on the signal pathway. Biophysical Journal, 65, 2047-2058.
Eichwald, C. & Kaiser, F. (1995). Model for external influences on cellular signal transduction pathways including cytosolic calcium oscillations. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 75-85.
Eichwald, C. & Walleczek, J. (1996a). Activation-dependent and biphasic electromagnetic field effects: model based on cooperative enzyme kinetics in cellular signaling. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 427-435.
Eichwald, C. & Walleczek, J. (1996b). Model for magnetic field effects on radical pair recombination in enzyme kinetics. Biophysical Journal, 71, 623-631.
Eichwald, C. & Walleczek, J. (1997). Low-frequency-dependent effects of oscillating magnetic fields on radical pair recombination in enzyme kinetics. Journal of Chemical Physics, 13, 4943-4950.
Ekström, T., Mild, K.H. & Homberg, B. (1998). Mammary tumours in sprague-dawley rats after initiation with dmba followed by exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields in a promotional scheme. Cancer Letters, 123, 107-111.
Engstrom, S. (1996). Dynamic properties of Lednev's parametric resonance mechanism. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 58-70.
Enzler, M.A., Sumner-Smith, G., Waelchli-Suter, C. & Perren, S.M. (1984). Treatment of nonuniting osteotomies with pulsating electromagnetic fields: a controlled animal experiment. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 272-276.
Eriksson, N., Hoog, J., Mild, K., Sandström, M. & Stenberg, B. (1997). The psychosocial work environment and skin symptoms among visual display terminal workers: a case referent study. International Journal of Epidemiology, 26, 1250-1257.
Eyres, K.S., Saleh, M. & Kanis, J.A. (1996). Effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields on bone formation and bone loss during limb lengthening. Bone, 18, 505-509.
Fairbairn, D.W. & O'Neill, K.L. (1994). The effect of electromagnetic field exposure on the formation of DNA single strand breaks in human cells. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 40, 561-567.
Farndale, R.W. & Murray, J.C. (1985). Pulsed electromagnetic fields promote collagen production in bone marrow fibroblasts via athermal mechanisms. Calcified Tissue International, 37, 178-182.
Farrell, J.M., Barber, M., Krause, D. & Litovitz, T.A. (1998). The superposition of a temperally incoherent magnetic field inhibits 60 Hz-induced changes in the ODC activity of developing chick embryos. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 53-56.
Farrell, J.M., Litovitz, T.L., Penafiel, M., Montrose, C.J., Doinov, P., Barber, M., Brown, K.M. & Litovitz, T.A. (1997). The effect of pulsed and sinusoidal magnetic fields on the morphology of developing chick embryos. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 431-438.
Fear, N.T., Roman, E., Carpenter, L.M., Newton, R. & Bull, D. (1996). Cancer in electrical workers: an analysis of cancer registrations in England, 1981-87. British Journal of Cancer, 73, 935-939.
Fewtrell, C. (1993). Ca2+ oscillations in non-excitable cells. Annual Review of Physiology, 55, 427-454.
Feychting, M. & Ahlbom, A. (1992). Magnetic fields and cancer in people residing near Swedish high voltage power lines. Institutet for Miljomedicin (IMM) Report 6/92, 31 pp. plus 83 tables and 6 figures, 103 pp.
Feychting, M. & Ahlbom, A. (1993). Magnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Swedish high-voltage power lines. American Journal of Epidemiology, 138, 467-481.
Feychting, M. & Ahlbom, A. (1994). Magnetic fields, leukemia, and central nervous system tumors in Swedish adults residing near high-voltage power lines. Epidemiology, 5, 501-509.
Feychting, M., Forssen, U. & Floderus, B. (1997). Occupational and residential magnetic field exposure and leukemia and central nervous system tumors. Epidemiology, 8, 384-389.
Feychting, M., Forssen, U., Rutqvist, L.E. & Ahlbom, A. (1998). Magnetic fields and breast cancer in Swedish adults residing near high-voltage power lines. Epidemiology, 9, 392-397.
Feychting, M., Kaune, W.T., Savitz, D.A. & Ahlbom, A. (1996). Estimating exposure in studies of residential magnetic fields and cancer: importance of short-term variability, time interval between diagnosis and measurement, and distance to power line. Epidemiology, 7, 220-224.
Feychting, M., Pedersen, N., Svedberg, P., Floderus, B. & Gatz, M. (1998). Dementia and occupational exposure to magnetic fields. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, In Press.
Feychting, M., Schulgen, G., Olsen, J.H. & Ahlbom, A. (1995). Magnetic fields and childhood cancer -- a pooled analysis of two Scandinavian studies. European Journal of Cancer, 31A, 2035-2039.
Fiorani, M., Cantoni, O., Sestili, P., Conti, R., Nicolini, P., Vetrano, F. & Dacha, M. (1992). Electric and/or magnetic field effects on DNA structure and function in cultured human cells. Mutation Research, 282, 25-29.
Fitzsimmons, R.J., Farley, J., Adey, W.R. & Baylink, D.J. (1986). Embryonic bone matrix formation is increased after exposure to a low-amplitude capacitively coupled electric field, in vitro. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 882, 51-56.
Fitzsimmons, R.J., Ryaby, J.T., Magee, F.P. & Baylink, D.J. (1994). Combined magnetic fields increased net calcium flux in bone cells. Calcified Tissue International, 55, 376-380.
Fitzsimmons, R.J., Ryaby, J.T., Magee, F.P. & Baylink, D.J. (1995). IGF-II receptor number is increased in TE-85 osteosarcoma cells by combined magnetic fields. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 10, 812-819.
Fitzsimmons, R.J., Strong, D.D., Mohan, S. & Baylink, D.J. (1992). Low-amplitude, low-frequency electric field-stimulated bone cell proliferation may in part be mediated by increased IGF-ii release. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 150, 84-89.
Flegal, K.M., Brownie, C. & Haas, J.D. (1986). The effects of exposure misclassification on estimates of relative risk. American Journal of Epidemiology, 123, 736-751.
Fleiss, J.L. (1993). The statistical basis of meta-analysis. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 2, 121-145.
Floderus, B., Persson, T. & Stenlund, C. (1996). Magnetic-field exposures in the workplace: reference distribution and exposures in occupational groups. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmenatl Health, 2, 226-238.
Floderus, B., Persson, T., Stenlund, C., Wennberg, A., Ost, A. & Knave, B. (1993). Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields in relation to leukemia and brain tumors: a case-control study in Sweden. Cancer Causes Control, 4, 465-476.
Floderus, B., Tornqvist, S. & Stenlund, C. (1994). Incidence of selected cancers in Swedish railway workers, 1961-79. Cancer Causes Control, 5, 189-194.
Florig, H.K. & Hoburg, J.F. (1990). Power-frequency magnetic fields from electric blankets. Health Physics, 58, 493-502.
Folkman, J. & Moscona, A. (1978). Role of cell shape in growth control. Nature, 273, 345-349.
Foster, K.R. (1992). Health effects of low-level electromagnetic fields: paradoxes and problems. Physics and Society, 21, 5.
Foster, K.R. & Schwan, H.P. (1986). Dielectric properties of tissues. In CRC Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, Polk, C. & Postow, E. (eds) pp. 27-96. CRC Press, Inc.: Boca Raton, FL.
Frankel, R.B. (1986). Biological effects of static magnetic fields. In CRC Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, Polk, C. & Postow, E. (eds) pp. 27-96. CRC Press, Inc.: Boca Raton, FL.
Frazier, M.E., Reese, J.A., Morris, J.E., Jostes, R.F. & Miller, D.L. (1990). Exposure of mammalian cells to 60 Hz magnetic or electric fields: analysis of DNA repair of induced, single-strand breaks. Bioelectromagnetics, 11, 229-234.
Free, M.J., Kaune, W.T., Phillips, R.D. & Cheng, H.C. (1981). Endocrinological effects of strong 60 Hz electric fields on rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 2, 105-121.
Freifelder, D. (1985). Chemical Kinetics. In Principles of Physical Chemistry With Applications to the Biological Sciences. Second Edition., Freifelder, D. (ed). Jones and Barlett, Inc.: Boston.
Frey, A.H. & Wesler, L.S. (1984). Modification of the conditioned emotional response in animals living in a 60 Hz electrical field. Bull Psychon Soc, 22, 477-479.
Friedman, D.R., Hatch, E.E., Tarone, R., Kaune, W.T., Kleineman, R.A., Wacholder, S., Boice, J.D. & Linet, M.S. (1996). Childhood exposure to magnetic fields: residential area measurements compared to personal dosimetry. Epidemiology, 7, 151-155.
Frohlich, H. (1968). Long-range coherence and energy storage in biological systems. International Journal of Quantum Chemistry, II, 641-649.
Fuhr, G., Glaser, R. & Hagedorn, R. (1986). Rotation of dielectrics in a rotating electric high-frequency field. Biophysical Journal, 49, 395-402.
Fukada, E. & Yasuda, I. (1957). On the piezoelectric effect of bone. Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 12, 1158-1162.
Gailey, P.C. (1996). Comparison of voltage signals induced by power frequency fields to thermal electrical noise at the cell membrane. In Department of Electrical Engineering, pp. 1-170. University of Utah: Utah.
Gallagher, J.P. & Sanders, M. (1987). Trauma and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a report of 78 patients. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 75, 145 - 150.
Galt, S., Wahlstrom, J., Hamnerius, Y., Holmqvist, D. & Johannesson, T. (1995). Study of effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on chromosome aberrations and the growth-related enzyme ODC in human amniotic cells. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 36, 1-8.
Galvanoskis, J. & Sandblom, J. (1997). Amplification of electromagnetic signals by ion channels. Biophysical Journal, 73, 3056-3065.
Gamberale, F., Anshelm Olson, B., Eneroth, P., Lindh, T. & Wennberg, A. (1989). Acute effects of ELF electromagnetic fields: a field study of linesmen working with 400 kV power lines. British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 46, 729-737.
Garcia-Sagredo, J.M., Parada, A.L. & Monteagudo, J.L. (1990). Effect on SCE in human chromosomes in-vitro of low-level pulsed magnetic field. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 16, 185-188.
Garland, G.D. (1971). Introduction to Geophysics: Philadelphia.
Gatz, M., Pedersen, N.L., Berg, S., Johansson, B., Johansson, K., Mortimer, J.A., Posner, S.F., Viitanen, M., Winbald, B. & Ahlbom, A. (1997). Heritability for Alzheimer's disease: The study of dementia in Swedish twins. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences, 52A, M117-M125.
Gauger, J.R. (1985). Household appliance magnetic field survey. IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, PAS-104, 2436-2444.
Gavalas, R.J., Walter, D.O., Hamer, J. & Adey, W.R. (1970). Effect of low-level, low-frequency electric fields on eeg and behavior in Macaca nemestrina. Brain Research, 18, 491-501.
Gavalas-Medici, R. & Day-Magdaleno, S.R. (1976). Extremely low frequency, weak electric fields affect schedule-controlled behavior of monkeys. Nature, 261, 256-259.
Gluckman, B.J., Netoff, T.I., Neel, E.J., Ditto, W.L., Spano, M.L. & Schiff, S.J. (1996). Stochastic resonance in a neuronal network from mammalian brain. Physical Review Letters, 77, 4098-4101.
Gold, S., Goodman, R. & Shirley-Henderson, A. (1994). Exposure of simian virus-40-transformed human cells to magnetic fields results in increased levels of T-antigen mRNA and protein. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 329-336.
Goldbeter, A., Dupont, G. & Berridge, M.J. (1990). Minimal model for signal-induced Ca2+ oscillations and for their frequency encoding through protein phosphorylation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 87, 1461-1465.
Goodman, E.M., Greenebaum, B. & Marron, M.T. (1994a). Magnetic fields after translation in Escherichia coli. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 77-83.
Goodman, R., Blank, M., Lin, H., Dai, R., Khorkova, O., Soo, L., Weisbrot, D. & Henderson, A. (1994b). Increased levels of hsp70 transcripts induced when cells are exposed to low frequency electromagnetic fields. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 33, 115-120.
Goodman, R., Bumann, J., Wei, L.-X. & Shirley-Henderson, A. (1992). Exposure of human cells to electromagnetic fields: effect of time and field strength on transcript levels. Electro- and Magnetobiology, 11, 19-28.
Goodman, R., Wei, L.-X., Xu, J.-C. & Henderson, A. (1989). Exposure of human cells to low-frequency electromagnetic fields results in quantitative changes in transcripts. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1009, 216-220.
Graham, C. & Cohen, H. (1985). Influence of 60 Hz fields on human behavior, physiology, and biochemistry. MRI Report.
Graham, C., Cohen, H., Cook, M., Phelps, J., Gerkovich, M. & Fotopoulos, S. (1987). A double-blind evaluation of 60 Hz field effects on human performance, physiology, and subjective state. In Interaction of Biological Systems with Static and ELF Electric and Magnetic Fields, Anderson, L.E. (ed) pp. 471-486: Springfield, VA.
Graham, C., Cohen, H.D. & Cook, M.R. (1990). Immunological and biochemical effects of 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields in humans. Midwest Research Institute: Kansas City, MO.
Graham, C., Cook, M., Hoffman, S. & Gerkovich, M. (1995). An electrophysiological study of human EEG activity in 60 Hz magnetic fields. BEMS.
Graham, C. & Cook, M.R. (1998). Human sleep in 60 Hz magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, In press.
Graham, C., Cook, M.R., Cohen, H.D. & Gerkovich, M.M. (1994). A dose response study of human exposure to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 447-463.
Graham, C., Cook, M.R., Kavet, R., Sastre, A. & Smith, D.K. (1998). Prediction of nocturnal plasma melatonin from morning urinary measures. Journal of Pineal Research, 24, 230-238.
Graham, C., Cook, M.R. & Riffle, D.W. (1997). Human melatonin during continuous magnetic field exposure. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 166-171.
Graham, C., Cook, M.R., Riffle, D.W., Gerkovich, M.M. & Cohen, H.D. (1996). Nocturnal melatonin levels in human volunteers exposed to intermittent 60 Hz magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 263-273.
Grajewski, B., Schnorr, T.M., Reefhuis, J., Roeleveld, N., Salvan, A., Mueller, C., Murray, W.E. & Conover, D.L. (1997). Work with video display terminals and the risk of reduced birthweight and preterm birth. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 32, 681-688.
Graves, H.B. (1981). Detection of a 60 Hz electric field by pigeons. Behavioral and Neural Biology, 32, 229-234.
Graves, H.B., Carter, J.H., Kellmel, D. & Cooper, L. (1978). Perceptibility and electrophysiological response of small birds to intense 60 Hz electric fields. IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, PAS-97, 1070-1073.
Gray, H.B. & Winkler, J.R. (1996). Electron transfer in proteins. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 65, 537-561.
Greene, J.J., Pearson, S.L., Skowronski, W.J., Nardone, R.M., Mullins, J.M. & Krause, D. (1993). Gene-specific modulation of RNA synthesis and degradation by extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 39, 261-268.
Greenebaum, B., Sutton, C.H., Subramanian Vadula, M., Battocletti, J.H., Swiontek, T., DeKeyser, J. & Sisken, B.F. (1996). Effects of pulsed magnetic fields on neurite outgrowth from chick embryo dorsal root ganglia. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 293-302.
Griffin, G.D., Dowray, V., Miller, E.J., Williams, M.W. & Gailey, P.C. (1998). Effects of magnetic field exposure on gap juctional communication in clone 9 cells treated with chloral hydrate: a replication study. Bioelectromagnetics, in press.
Grissom, C.B. (1995). Magnetic field effects in biology: a survey of possible mechanisms with emphasis on radical-pair recombination. Chemical Reviews, 95, 3-24.
Grota, L.J., Reiter, R.J., Keng, P. & Michaelson, S. (1994). Electric field exposure alters serum melatonin but not pineal melatonin synthesis in male rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 427-437.
Grundler, W., Kaiser, F., Keilmann, F. & Walleczek, J. (1992). Mechanisms of electromagnetic interaction with cellular systems. Naturwissenschaften, 79, 551-559.
Guénel, P., Nicolau, J., Imbernon, E., Chevalier, A. & Goldberg, M. (1996). Exposure to 50 Hz electric field and incidence of leukemia, brain tumors, and other cancers among French electric utility workers. American Journal of Epidemiology, 144, 1107-1121.
Guénel, P., Raskmark, P., Andersen, J.B. & Lynge, E. (1993). Incidence of cancer in persons with occuapational exposure to electromagnetic fields in Denmark. British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 50, 758-764.
Gurney, J.G., Mueller, B.A., Davis, S., Schwartz, S.M., Stevens, R.G. & Kopecky, K.J. (1996). Childhood brain tumor occurrence in relation to residential power line configuration, electric heating sources, and electric appliance use. American Journal of Epidemiology, 143, 120-128.
Hackman, R.M. & Graves, H.B. (1981). Corticosterone levels in mice exposed to high-intensity electric fields. Behavioral and Neural Biology, 32, 201-213.
Haes, D.L. & Fitzgerald, M.R. (1995). Video display terminal very low frequency measurements: the need for protocols in assessing VDT user "dose". Health Physics, 68, 572-578.
Haken, H. & Wolf, H.C. (1984). Atoms in a magnetic field: experiments and their semiclassical description. In Atomic and Quantum Physics pp. 197-211. Springer-Verlag: New York.
Halle, B. (1988). On the cyclotron resonance mechanism for magnetic field effects on transmembrane ion conductivity. Bioelectromagnetics, 9, 381-385.
Hamilton, C.A., Hewitt, J.P., McLauchlan, K.A. & Steiner, U.E. (1988). High resolution studies of the effects of magnetic fields on chemical reactions. Molecular Physics, 65, 423-438.
Harbin, T.J. (1985). The late positive component of the evoked cortical potential: application to neurotoxicity testing. Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology, 7, 339-344.
Harkins, T.T. & Grissom, C.B. (1994). Magnetic field effects on B12 ethanolamine ammonia lyase: evidence for a radical mechanism. Science, 263, 958-960.
Harland, J.D., Levine, G.A. & Liburdy, R.P. (1998). Differential inhibition of tamoxifen's oncostatic functions in a human breast cancer cell line by a 12 mG (1.2 µt) magnetic field. In Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine, Bersani, F. (ed). Plenum Press: Bologna, Italy.
Harland, J.D. & Liburdy, R.P. (1997). Environmental magnetic fields inhibit the antiproliferative action of tamoxifen and melatonin in a human breast cancer cell line. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 555-562.
Harrington, J.M., McBride, D.I., Sorahan, T., Paddle, G.M. & van Tongeren, M. (1997). Occupational exposure to magnetic fields in relation to mortality from brain cancer among electricity generation and transmissions workers. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 54, 7-13.
Harris, A.W., Basten, A., Gebski, V., Noonan, D., Finnie, J., Bath, M.L., Bangay, M.J. & Repacholi, M.H. (1998). A test of lymphoma induction by long-term exposure of Eµ-Pim1 transgenic mice to 50 Hz magnetic fields. Radiation Research, 149, 300-307.
Harrison, G.H., Balcer-Kubiczek, E.K., Shi, Z., Zhang, Y., McCready, W.A. & Davis, C.C. (1997). Kinetics of gene expression following exposure to 60 Hz, 2 mT magnetic fields in three human cell lines. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 43, 1-6.
Hart, F.X. (1996). Cell culture dosimetry for low-frequency magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 48-57.
Hart, R.A. & Gandhi, O.P. (1997). Endogenous electric fields and current densities in an anatomical model of the human body due to the electrical activity of the beating heart. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.
Hatch, E.E., Linet, M.S., Kleinerman, R.A., Tarone, R.E., Severson, R.K., Hartsock, C.T., Haines, C., Kaune, W.T., Friedman, D., Robison, L.L. & Wacholder, S. (1998). Association between childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and use of electric appliances during pregnancy and childhood. Epidemiology, 9, 234-245.
Hauf, R. (1982). Electric and magnetic fields at power frequencies with particular reference to 50 and 60 Hz. In Nonionizing Radiation Protection, Suess, M. (ed). World Health Organization: Copenhagen.
Hauf, R. & Wiesinger, J. (1973). Biological effects of technical electric and electromagnetic VLF fields. International Journal of Biometeorology, 17, 213-215.
Haus, H.A. & Melcher, J.R. (1989). Electromagnetic Fields and Energy. Printice Hall: New Jersey.
Hayano, J., Sakakibara, Y., Yamada, M., Ohte, N., Fujinami, T., Yokoyama, K., Watanabe, Y. & Takata, K. (1990). Decreased magnitude of heart rate spectral components in coronary artery disease; its relation to angiographic severity. Circulation, 81, 1217-1224.
Heitanen, M. & Jokela, K. (1990). Measurements of ELF and RF electromagnetic emissions from video display units. In Work With Display Units 89, Berlinguet, L. & Berthelette, D. (eds) pp. 357-362. Elsevier Science Publishers: Amsterdam.
Heroux, P. (1991). A dosimeter for assessment of exposures to ELF fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 12, 241-257.
Hille, B. (1992). Ionic Channels of Excitable Membranes. Second Edition. Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, Massachusetts.
Hiraoka, M., Miyakoshi, J., Li, Y.P., Shung, B., Takebe, H. & Abe, M. (1992). Induction of c-fos gene expression by exposure to a static magnetic field in HELAS3 cells. Cancer Research, 52, 6522-6524.
Hjeresen, D.L., Kaune, W.T., Decker, J.R. & Phillips, R.D. (1980). Effects of 60 Hz electric fields on avoidance behavior and activity of rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 1, 299-312.
Hjeresen, D.L., Miller, M.C., Kaune, W.T. & Phillips, R.D. (1982). A behavioral response of swine to a 60 Hz electric field. Bioelectromagnetics, 3, 443-452.
Hoar, S.K., Morrison, A.S., Cole, P. & Silverman, D.T. (1980). An occupational and exposure linkage system for the study of occupational carcinogenesis. Journal of Occupational Medicine, 22, 722-726.
Hoff, A.J., Rademaker, H., Van Grondelle, R. & Duysens, L.N.M. (1977). On the magnetic field dependence of the yield of the triplet state in reaction centers of photosynthetic bacteria. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 460, 547-554.
Holian, O., Astumian, R.D., Lee, R.C., Reyes, H.M., Attar, B.M. & Walter, R.J. (1996). Protein kinase C activity is altered in HL60 cells exposed to 60 Hz AC electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 504-509.
Horton, P. (1993). Stimlution of neuronal differentiation proteins in PC12 cells by combined AC/DC magnetic fields. In Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine., Blank, M. (ed) pp. 619-622. San Francisco Press, Inc.: San Francisco, CA.
House, R.V., Ratajczak, H.V., Gauger, J.R., Johnson, T.R., Thomas, P.T. & McCormick, D.L. (1996). Immune function and host defense in rodents exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields. Fundamental Applied Toxicology, 34, 228-239.
Huikuri, H.V., M.D., Ylitalo, A., M.D., Pikkujamsa, S.M., M.D., Ikaheimo, M.J., M.D., Airaksinen, K.E.J., M.D., Rantala, A.O., M.D., Lilja, M., M.D. & Kesaniemi, Y.A., M.D. (1996). Heart rate variability in systemic hypertension. The Americal Journal of Cardiology, 77, 1073-1077.
Huuskonen, H., Juutilainen, J. & Komulainen, H. (1993). Effects of low-frequency magnetic fields on fetal development in rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 205-213.
Huuskonen, H., Lindbohm, M.-L. & Juutilainen, J. (1998). Teratogenic and reproductive effects of low-frequency magnetic fields. Mutation Research, 7473.
Irgens, A., Kruger, K., Skorve, A.H. & Irgens, L.M. (1997). Male proportion in offspring of parents exposed to strong static and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields in Norway. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 32, 557-561.
Ismael, S., Callera, F., Garcia, A., Baffa, O. & Falcao, R. (1998). Increased dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of thymocytes from mice exposed to long-term extremely low frequency magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 131-135.
Jaffe, R.A., Laszewski, B.L. & Carr, D.B. (1981). Chronic exposure to a 60 Hz electric field: effects on neuromuscular function in the rat. Bioelectromagnetics, 2, 227-239.
Jaffe, R.A., Laszewski, B.L., Carr, D.B. & Phillips, R.D. (1980). Chronic exposure to a 60 Hz electric field: effects on synaptic transmission and peripheral nerve function in the rat. Bioelectromagnetics, 1, 131-147.
Jaffe, R.A., Lopresti, C.A., Carr, D.B. & Phillips, R.D. (1983). Perinatal exposure to 60 Hz electric fields: effects on the development of the visual-evoked response in rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 4, 327-339.
Jagadeesh, B., Gray, C.M. & Ferster, D. (1992). Visually evoked oscillations of membrane potential in cells of cat visual cortex. Science, 257, 552-554.
Jauchem, J.R., Demers, P.A., Thomas, D.B. & Rosenblatt, K.A. (1992). Re: Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and breast cancer in men (letter and reply). American Journal Epidemiology, 135, 1423-1425.
Jenrow, K.A., Smith, C.H. & Liboff, A.R. (1995). Weak extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields and regeneration in the planarian Dugesia tigrina.. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 106-112.
Jin, M., Lin, H., Han, L., Opler, M., Maurer, S., Blank, M. & Goodman, R. (1997). Biological and technical variables in myc expression in KL60 cells exposed to 60 Hz electromagnetic fields. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 44, 111-120.
Johansen, C. (1998). Mortality from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, other chronic disorders and electric shocks amiong utility workers. American Journal of Epidemiology, in press.
Johansen, C. & Olsen, J. (1998). Risk of cancer among Danish utility workers-A nationwide cohort study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 147, 548-555.
Johansson, O., Hilliges, M., Bjornhagen, V. & Hall, K. (1994). Skin changes in patients claiming to suffer from 'screen dermatitis': a two-case open-field provocation study. Exp Dermatol, 3, 234-238.
John, T.M., Liu, G.-Y. & Brown, G.M. (1998). 60 Hz magnetic field exposure and urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin levels in the rat. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 172-180.
Johnson, C.C. & Spitz, M.R. (1989). Childhood nervous system tumours: an assessment of risk associated with paternal occupations involving use, repair or manufacture of electrical and electronic equipment. International Journal of Epidemiology, 18, 756-762.
Johnson, F.H., Eyring, H. & Stover, B. (1974). Temperature. In The Theory of Rate Processes in Biology and Medicine. pp. 155-200. John Wiley & Sons: New York.
Jokela, K., Aaltonen, J. & Lukkarinen, A. (1989). Measurements of electromagnetic emissions from video display terminals at the frequency range from 30 Hz to 1 Hz. Health Physics, 57, 79-88.
Jones, T.L., Shih, C.H., Thurston, D.H., Ware, B.J. & Cole, P. (1993). Selection bias from differential residential mobility as an explanation for associations of wire codes with childhood cancer. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 46, 545-548.
Juutilainen, J. (1991). Effects of low-frequency magnetic fields on embryonic development and pregnancy. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 17, 149-158.
Juutilainen, J., Huuskonen, H. & Komulainen, H. (1997). Increased resorptions in CBA mice exposed to low-frequency magnetic fields: an attempt to replicate earlier observations. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 410-417.
Juutilainen, J. & Lang, S. (1997). Genotoxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of electromagnetic fields. introduction and overview. Mutation Research, 387, 165-171.
Juutilainen, J., Matilainen, P., Saarikoski, S., Laara, E. & Suonio, S. (1993). Early pregnancy loss and exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 229-236.
Juutilainen, J. & Saali, K. (1986a). Development of chick embryos in 1 Hz to 100 kHz magnetic fields. Radiat Environ Biophys, 25, 135-140.
Juutilainen, J. & Saali, K. (1986b). Measurements of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields around video display terminals. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 12, 609-613.
Kaiser, F. (1994). Explanation of biological effects of low-intensity electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields by nonlinear dynamics. In Ninth Annual Review of Progress in Applied Computational Electromagnetics pp. 425-431: Montery, CA.
Kanje, M., Rusovan, A., Sisken, B. & Lundborg, G. (1993). Pretreatment of rats with pulsed electromagnetic fields enhances regeneration of the sciatic nerve. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 353-359.
Karabakhtsian, R., Broude, N., Shalts, N., Kochlatyi, S., Goodman, R. & Henderson, A.S. (1994). Calcium is necessary in the cell response to EM fields. FEBS Letters, 349, 1-6.
Kato, M., Honma, K., Shigemitsu, T. & Shiga, Y. (1993). Effects of exposure to a circularly polarized 50 Hz magnetic field on plasma and pineal melatonin levels in rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 97-106.
Kato, M., Honma, K., Shigemitsu, T. & Shiga, Y. (1994a). Circularly polarized 50 Hz magnetic field exposure reduces pineal gland melatonin and blood concentrations of long-evans rats. Neuroscience Letters, 166, 59-62.
Kato, M., Honma, K., Shigemitsu, T. & Shiga, Y. (1994b). Horizontal or vertical 50 Hz, 1-uT magnetic fields have no effect on pineal gland or plasma melatonin concentration of albino rats. Neuroscience Letters, 168, 205-208.
Kato, M., Honma, K., Shigemitsu, T. & Shiga, Y. (1994c). Recovery of nocturnal melatonin concentration takes place within one week following cessation of 50 Hz circularly polarized magnetic field exposure for six weeks. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 489-492.
Katsir, G., Baram, S. & Parola, A. (1998). Effect of sinusoidally varying magnetic fields on cell proliferation and adenosine deaminase specific activity. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 46-52.
Kaune, T., Feychting, M., Ahlbom, A., Ulrich, R.M. & Savitz, D. (1998). Temporal characteristics of transmission-line loadings in the Swedish childhood cancer study. Bioelectromagnetics, In press.
Kaune, W., Davis, S. & Stevens, R. (1997). Relation between residential magnetic fields, light-at-night and nocturnal urine melatonin levels in women. EPRI, Fred Hutchinson Research Center: Palo Alto, CA.
Kaune, W.T., Darby, S.D., Gardner, S.N., Hrubec, Z., Iriye, R.N. & Linet, M.S. (1994). Development of a protocol for assessing time-weighted-average exposures of young children to power-frequency magnmetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 33-51.
Kaune, W.T. & Forsythe, W.C. (1985). Current densities measured in human models exposed to 60 Hz electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 6, 13-32.
Kaune, W.T., Niple, J.C., Liu, M.J. & Silva, J.M. (1992). Small integrating meter for assessing long-term exposure to magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 413-427.
Kaune, W.T. & Phillips, R.D. (1980). Comparison of the coupling of grounded humans, swine and rats to vertical, 60 Hz electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 1, 117-129.
Kaune, W.T., Stevens, R.G., Callahan, N.J., Severson, R.K. & Thomas, D.B. (1987). Residential magnetic and electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 8, 315-335.
Kaune, W.T. & Zaffanella, L.E. (1994). Assessing historical exposures of children to power-frequency magnetic fields. Journal of Exposure Analysis Environmental Epidemiology, 4, 149-170.
Kavaliers, M., Eckel, L. & Ossenkopp, K. (1993). Brief exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields improves sexually dimorphic spatial learning performance in the meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 173, 241-248.
Kavaliers, M., Ossenkopp, K.-P., Prato, F.S., Innes, D.G.L., Galea, L.A.M., Kinsella, D.M. & Perrot-Sinal, T.S. (1996). Spatial learning in deer mice: sex differences and the effects of endogenous opioids and 60 Hz magnetic fields. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 179, 715-724.
Kavet, R., Silva, J.M. & Thornton, D. (1992). Magnetic field exposure assessment for adult residents of Maine who live near and far away from overhead transmission lines. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 35-55.
Kavet, R. & Tell, R.A. (1991). VDTs: field levels, epidemiology, and laboratory studies. Health Physics, 61, 47-57.
Khalil, A.M. & Qassem, W. (1991). Cytogenetic effects of pulsing electromagnetic field on human lymphocytes in vitro: chromosome aberrations, sister-chromatid exchanges and cell kinetics. Mutation Research, 247, 141-146.
Kheifets, L., Afifi, A.A., Buffler, P., Zhang, Z. & Matkin, C. (1997a). Occupational electric and magnetic field exposure and leukemia. Journal of Occupation and Environmental Health, 39, 1074-1091.
Kheifets, L., London, S. & Peters, J. (1997b). Leukemia risk and occupational electric exposure in Los Angeles County, California. American Journal of Epidemiology, 146, 87-90.
Kheifets, L.I., Afifi, A.A., Buffler, P.A. & Zhang, Z.W. (1995). Occupational electric and magnetic field exposure and brain cancer: a meta-analysis. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 37, 1327-1341.
Kheifets, L.I., Kavet, R. & Sussman, S.S. (1997c). Wire codes, magnetic fields, and childhood cancer. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 99-110.
Kikkawa, U., Kishimoto, A. & Nishizuka, Y. (1989). The protein kinase C family: heterogeneity and its implications. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 58, 31-44.
King, R. (1998). Fields and currents in the organs of the human body when exposed to power lines and VLF transmitters. IEEE Transactions of Biomedical Engineering, 45, 520-530.
King, R.W.P. & Wu, T.T. (1995). The complete electromagnetic field of a three-phase transmission line over the earth and its interaction with the human body. Journal of Applied Physics, 78, 668-683.
Kirschvink, J.L. (1992a). Comment on "Constraints on biological effects of weak extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields.". Physiological Review, 46, 2178-2184.
Kirschvink, J.L. (1992b). Uniform magnetic fields and double-wrapped coil systems: improved techniques for the design of bioelectromagnetic experiments. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 401-411.
Kirschvink, J.L. & Kobayashi-Kirschvink, A. (1993). Magnetite biomineralization in human pathological tissues. In International Symposium on Biological Effects of Magnetic and Electromagnetic Fields.: Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Kirschvink, J.L., Kobayashi-Kirschvink, A. & Woodford, B.J. (1992). Magnetite biomineralization in the human brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 89, 7683-7687.
Kleiger, R.E., M.D., Miller, J.P., Bigger, J., Jr., M.D., Moss, A.J., M.D. & Group, M.P.-I.R. (1987). Decreased heart rate variability and its association with increased mortality after acute myocardial infarction. American Journal of Cardiology, 59, 256-262.
Kleinerman, R.A., Linet, M.S., Hatch, E.E., Wacholder, S., Tarone, R.E., Severson, R.K., Kaune, W.T., Friedman, D.R., Haines, C.M., Muirhead, C.R., Boice, J.D., Jr. & Robison, L.L. (1997). Magnetic field exposure assessment in a case-control study of choldhood leukemia. Epidemiology, 8, 575-583.
Koana, T., Okada, M.O., Ikehata, M. & Nakagawa, M. (1997). Increase in the mitotic recombination frequency in Drosophila melanogaster by magnetic field exposure and its suppression by vitamin E supplement. Mutation Research, 373, 55-60.
Kobayashi, A.K., Kirschvink, J.L. & Nesson, M.H. (1995). Ferromagnetism and EMFs (letter). Nature, 374, 123.
Koontz, M., Mehegan, L., Dietrich, F. & Nagda, N. (1992). Assessment of children's long-term exposure to magnetic fields (The Geomet study). EPRI, November, Final Report No. TR-101406. 152 pp., 6. 152 pp.
Korpinen, L., Partanen, J. & Uusitalo, A. (1993). Influence of 50 Hz electric and magnetic fields on the human heart. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 329-340.
Koryta, J. (1982). Ions. In Ions, electrodes, and membranes pp. 1-61. John Wiley & Sons: New York.
Korzh-Sleptsova, I.L., Lindstrom, E., Mild, K.H., Berglund, A. & Lundgren, E. (1995). Low frequency MFs increased inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate levels in the Jurkat cell line. FEBS Letters, 359, 151-154.
Kowalczuk, C.I., Robbins, L., Thomas, J.M., Butland, B.K. & Saunders, R.D. (1994). Effects of prenatal exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields on development in mice: I. Implantation rate and fetal development. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 349-361.
Kristupaitis, D., Dibirdik, I., Vassilev, A., Mahajan, S., Kurosaki, T., Chu, A., Tuel-Ahlgren, L., Tuong, D., Pond, D., Luben, R. & Uckun, F.M. (1998). Electromagnetic field-induced stimulation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273, 12397-12401.
Kromhout, H. (1992). Incidence of leukemia and brain tumours in some "electrical occupations". British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 49, 375.
Kromhout, H. & Loomis, D.P. (1997). The need for exposure grouping strategies in studies of magnetic fields and childhood leukemia (letter). Epidemiology, 8, 218-219.
Kula, B. (1996). A study of magnetic field effects on fibroblast cultures. Part 3. The evaluation of the effects of static and extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields on glycosaminoglycan metabolism in fibroblasts, cell coats and culture medium. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 39, 31-37.
Lacy-Hulbert, A., Metcalfe, J.C. & Hesketh, R. (1998). Biological responses to electromagnetic fields. FASEB Journal, 12, 395-420.
Lacy-Hulbert, A., Wilkins, R.C., Hesketh, T.R. & Metcalfe, J.C. (1995). No effect of 60 Hz electromagnetic fields on myc or beta-actin expression in human leukemic cells. Radiation Research, 144, 9-17.
Lagroye, I. & Poncy, J.L. (1997). The effect of 50 Hz electromagnetic fields on the formation of micronuclei in rodent cell lines exposed to gamma radiation. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 72, 249-254.
Lagroye, I. & Poncy, J.L. (1998). Influence of 50 Hz magnetic fields and ionizing radiation on c-jun and c-fos oncoproteins. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 112-116.
Lai, H. (1996). Spatial learning deficit in the rat after exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 494-496.
Lai, H. & Carino, M. (1998). Interacerebroventricular injection of mu- and delta-opiate receptor antagonists block 60 Hz magnetic field-induced decreases in cholinergic activity in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of the rat. Bioelectromagnetics, In press.
Lai, H., Carino, M.A., Horita, A. & Guy, A.W. (1993). Effects of a 60 Hz magnetic field on central cholinergic systems of the rat. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 5-15.
Lai, H., Carino, M.A. & Ushijima, I. (1998). Acute exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field affects rats' water-maze performance. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 117-122.
Lai, H. & Singh, N. (1997a). Melatonin and a spin-trap compund block radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation-induced DNA strand breaks in rat brain cells. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 446-454.
Lai, H. & Singh, N.P. (1997b). Acute exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field increases DNA strand breaks in rat brain cells. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 156-165.
Lai, H. & Singh, N.P. (1997c). Melatonin and n-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone block 60 Hz magnetic field-induced DNA single and double strand breaks in rat brain cells. Journal of Pineal Research, 22, 152-162.
Lakshminarayanaiah, N. (1984). Model-system approach to evaluation of surface charge density. In Equations of Membrane Biophysics. Academic Press, Inc.: New York.
Lanera, D., Zapotosky, J.E. & Colby, J.A. (1997). Study of magnetic fields from power-frequency current on water lines. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 307-316.
Lauffenburger, D.A. & Linderman, J.J. (1993). Signal Transduction. In Receptors, Models for Binding, Trafficking, and Signaling pp. 181-235. Oxford University Press: New York.
Lednev, V.V. (1991). Possible mechanism for the influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics, 12, 71-75.
Lednev, V.V. (1993). Possible mechanism for the effect of weak magnetic fields on biological systems: correction of the basic expression and its consequences. Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine. M. Blank, ed., San Francisco Press, Inc., 550-552.
Lednev, V.V. (1994). Interference with the vibrational energy sublevels of ions bound in calcium-binding proteins as the basis for the interaction of weak magnetic fields with biological systems. In On the Nature of Electromagnetic Field Interactions With Biological Systems., Frey, A.H. (ed) pp. 59-72. R. G. Landes Company: Austin, TX.
Lee, J.H. & McLoed, K.J. (1998). Morphologic responses od osteoblast-like cells in monolayer culture to ELF electromagnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, in press.
Lee, J.M., Jr., Stormshak, F., Thompson, J.M., Hess, D.L. & Foster, D.L. (1995). Melatonin and puberty in female lambs exposed to EMF: a replicate study. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 119-123.
Lee, J.M., Jr., Stormshak, F., Thompson, J.M., Thinesen, P., Painter, L.J., Olenchek, E.G., Hess, D.L., Forbes, R. & Foster, D.L. (1993). Melatonin secretion and puberty in female lambs exposed to environmental electric and magnetic fields. Biology of Reproduction, 49, 857-864.
Leung, F.C., Rommereim, D.N., Miller, R.A. & Anderson, L.E. (1990). Brown-colored deposits on hair of female rats chronically exposed to 60 Hz electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 11, 257-259.
Levin, M. & Ernst, S.G. (1995). Applied AC and DC magnetic fields cause alterations in the mitotic cycle of early sea urchin embryos. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 231-240.
Li, C.-Y., Thériault, G. & Lin, R.S. (1997). Residential exposure to 60-hertz magnetic fields and adult cancers in Taiwan. Epidemiology, 8, 25-30.
Li, D.-K., Checkoway, H. & Mueller, B.A. (1995). Electric blanket use during pregnancy in relation to the risk of congenital urinary tract anomalies among women with a history of subfertility. Epidemiology, 6, 485-489.
Liao, D., Cai, J., Barnes, R.W., Tyroler, H.A., Rautaharju, P., Holme, I. & Heiss, G. (1996). Association of cardiac autonomic function and the development of hypertension. American Journal of Hypertension, 9, 1147-1156.
Liao, D., Cai, J., Rosamond, W.D., Barnes, R.W., Hutchinson, R.G., Whitsel, E.A., Rautaharju, P. & Heiss, G. (1997). Cardiac autonomic function and incident coronary heart disease: a population-based case-cohort study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 145, 696-706.
Libertin, C.R., Panozzo, J., Groh, K.R., Chang-Liu, C.-M., Schreck, S. & Woloschak, G.E. (1994). Effects of gamma rays, ultraviolet radiation, sunlight, microwaves and electromagnetic fields on gene expression mediated by human immunodeficiency virus promoter. Radiation Research, 140, 91-96.
Liboff, A.R. (1985). Cyclotron resonance in membrane transport. Interactions Between Electromagnetic Fields and Cells. A. Chiabrera, C. Nicolini, H. P. Schwann, eds., London: Plenum, 281-296.
Liboff, A.R., McLeod, B.R. & Smith, S.D. (1990). Ion cyclotron resonance effects of ELF fields in biological systems. In Extremely Low Frequency Fields: The Question of Cancer, Wilson, B.W., Stevens, R.G. & Anderson, L.E. (eds). Battelle Press: Columbus, Ohio.
Liboff, A.R., Rozek, R.J., Sherman, M.L., McLeod, B.R. & Smith, S.D. (1987). Ca2+-45 cycoltron resonance in human lymphocytes. Journal of Bioelectricity, 6, 13-22.
Liboff, A.R., Smith, S.D. & McLeod, B.R. (1995). Comments on "Clarification and application of an ion parametric resonance model for magnetic field interactions with biological systems," by Blanchard and Blackman. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 272-273.
Liboff, A.R., Thomas, J.R. & Schrot, J. (1989). Intensity threshold for 60 Hz magnetically induced behavioral changes in rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 10, 111-113.
Liboff, A.R., Williams, T., Strong, D.M. & Wistar, R. (1984). Time-varying magnetic fields: effect on DNA synthesis. Science, 223, 818-820.
Liburdy, R.P. (1992). Calcium signaling in lymphocytes and ELF fields: evidence for an electric field metric and a site of interaction involving the calcium ion channel. FEBS Letters, 301, 53-59.
Liburdy, R.P., Callahan, D.E., Harland, J., Dunham, E., Sloma, T.R. & Yaswen, P. (1993a). Experimental evidence for 60 Hz magnetic fields operating through the signal transduction cascade. effects on calcium influx and c-myc messenger-RNA induction. FEBS Letters, 334, 301-308.
Liburdy, R.P. & Levine, G.A. (1998). Magnetic fields and formation of organized structures in normal human mammary cells. In BEMS Annual Meeting.
Liburdy, R.P., Sloma, T.R., Sokolic, R. & Yaswen, P. (1993b). ELF magnetic fields, breast cancer, and melatonin: 60 Hz fields block melatonin's oncostatic action on ER+ breast cancer cell proliferation. Journal of Pineal Research, 14, 89-97.
Liden, S. (1996). 'Sensitivity to electricity' -- a new environmental epidemic. Allergy, 51, 519-524.
Lilienfeld, D.E. & Stolley, P.D. (1994). Foundations of Epidemiology. Oxford University Press: New York.
Lin, H., Goodman, R. & Henderson, A.S. (1994). Specific region of the c-myc promoter is responsive to electric and magnetic fields. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 54, 281-288.
Lin, H., Opler, M., Head, M., Blank, M. & Goodman, R. (1997). Electromagnetic field exposure induces rapid, transitory heat shock factor activation in human cells. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 66, 482-488.
Lin, R.S., Dischinger, P.C., Conde, J. & Farrell, K.P. (1985). Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and the occurance of brain tumors: an analysis of possible associations. Journal of Occupational Medicine, 27, 413-419.
Lin, Y., Nishimura, R., Nozaki, K., Sasaki, N., Kadosawa, T., Goto, N., Date, M. & Takeuchi, A. (1993). Collagen production and maturation at the experimental ligament defect stimulated by pulsing electromagnetic fields in rabbits. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 55, 527-531.
Lindbohm, M.-L., Hietanen, M., Kyyronen, P., Sallmen, M., Von Nandelstadh, P., Taskinen, H., Pekkarinen, M., Ylikoski, M. & Hemminki, K. (1992). Magnetic fields of video display terminals and spontaneous abortion. American Journal of Epidemiology, 136, 1041-1051.
Lindh, T.O., Tornqvist, S.G. & Andersson, L.-I.K. (1997). Exposure to electric and magnetic fields among employees in the electric utility industry. Applied Occupational Hygiene, 12, 293-301.
Lindstrom, E., Lindstrom, P., Berglund, A., Mild, K.H. & Lundgren, E. (1993). Intracellular calcium oscillations induced in a T-cell line by a weak 50 Hz magnetic field. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 156, 395-398.
Linet, M.S., Hatch, E.E., Kleinerman, R.A., Robison, L.L., Kaune, W.T., Friedman, D.R., Severson, R.K., Haines, C.M., Hartsock, C.T., Niwa, S., Wacholder, S. & Tarone, R.E. (1997). Residential exposure to magnetic fields and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. New England Journal of Medicine, 337, 1-7.
Litovitz, T.A., Krause, D., Montrose, C.J. & Mullins, J.M. (1994). Temporally incoherent magnetic fields mitigate the response of biological systems to temporally coherent magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 399-409.
Litovitz, T.A., Krause, D. & Mullins, J.M. (1991). Effect of coherence time of the applied magnetic field on ornithine decarboxylase activity. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication, 178, 862-865.
Liu, H., Abbott, J. & Bee, J.A. (1996). Pulsed electromagnetic fields influence hyaline cartilage extracellular matrix compsition without affecting molecular structure. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 4, 63-76.
Livingston, G.K., Witt, K.L., Gandhi, O.P., Chatterjee, I. & Roti Roti, J.L. (1991). Reproductive integrity of mammalian cells exposed to power frequency electromagnetic fields. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 17, 49-58.
London, S.J., Bowman, J.D., Sobel, E., Thomas, D.C., Garabrant, D.H., Pearce, N., Bernstein, L. & Peters, J.M. (1994). Exposure to magnetic fields among electrical workers in relation to leukemia risk in Los Angeles County. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 26, 47-60.
London, S.J., Thomas, D.C., Bowman, J.D., Sobel, E., Cheng, T.-C. & Peters, J.M. (1991). Exposure to residential electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia. American Journal of Epidemiology, 134, 923-937.
Loomis, D.P. (1992). Cancer of breast among men in electrical occupations (letter). Lancet, 339, 1482-1483.
Loomis, D.P., Peipins, L.A., Browning, S.R., Howard, R.L., Kromhout, H. & Savitz, D.A. (1994a). Organization and classification of work history data in industry-wide studies: an application to the electric power industry. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 26, 413-425.
Loomis, D.P., Savitz, D.A. & Ananth, C.V. (1994b). Breast cancer mortality among female electrical workers in the United States. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 86, 921-925.
Lorimore, S.A., Kowalczuk, C.I., Saunders, R.D. & Wright, E.G. (1990). Lack of acute effects of 20 mT, 50 Hz magnetic fields on murine haemopoiesis. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 58, 713-723.
Lorrain, P. & Corson, D.R. (1970). Electromagnetic Fields and Waves. W.H. Freeman: San Francisco.
Löscher, W., Mevissen, M., Lehmacher, W. & Stamm, A. (1993). Tumor promotion in a breast cancer model by exposure to a weak alternating magnetic field. Cancer Letters, 71, 75-81.
Löscher, W., Wahnschaffe, U., Mevissen, M., Lerchl, A. & Stamm, A. (1994). Effects of weak alternating magnetic fields on nocturnal melatonin production and mammary carcinogenesis in rats. Oncology, 51, 288-295.
Lovely, R.H., Buschbom, R.L., Slavich, A.L., Anderson, L.E., Hansen, N.H. & Wilson, B.W. (1994). Adult leukemia risk and personal appliance use: a preliminary study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 140, 510-517.
Lovely, R.H., Creim, J.A., Kaune, W.T., Miller, M.C., Phillips, R.D. & Anderson, L.E. (1992). Rats are not aversive when exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields at 3.03 mT. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 351-362.
Lovsund, P., Oberg, P.A. & Nilsson, S.E. (1979). Influence on vision of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields: industrial measurements, magnetophosphene studies in volunteers and intraretinal studies in animals. Acta Ophthalmologica (Copenhagen), 57, 812-821.
Luben, R.A. (1993). Effects of low-energy electromagnetic fields (EMF) on signal transduction by G Protein-linked receptors. Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine. M. Blank, ed., San Francisco Press, Inc., 57-62.
Luben, R.A. (1994). In vitro systems for the study of electromagnetic effects on bone and connective tissue. Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields. Volume II: Beneficial and Harmful Effects. D. O. Carpenter, S. Ayrapetyan, eds., San Diego: Academic Press, 103-119.
Luster, M., Germolec, D. & Rosenthal, G. (1990). Immunotoxicology: review of current status. Annuls of Allergy, 64, 427 - 432.
Luster, M., Pait, D., Portier, C., Rosenthal, G., Germolec, D., Comment, C., Munson, A., White, K. & Pollock, P. (1992a). Qualitative and quantitative experimental models to aid in risk assessment for immunotoxicology. Toxicology Letters, 64/65, 71 - 78.
Luster, M., Portier, C., Pait, D. & Germolec, D. (1994). Use of animal studies in risk assessment for immunotoxicology. Toxicology, 92, 229 - 243.
Luster, M., Portier, C., Pait, D., Rosenthal, G., Germolec, D., Corsini, E., Blaylock, B., Pollock, P., Kouchi, Y., Craig, W., White, K., Munson, A. & Comment, C. (1993). Risk assessment in immunotoxicity. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, 21, 71 - 82.
Luster, M., Portier, C., Pait, D., White, K., Gennings, C., Munson, A. & Rosenthal, G. (1992b). Risk assessment in immunotoxicology. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, 18, 200 - 210.
Lyle, D.B., Fuchs, T.A., Casamento, J.P., Davis, C.C. & Swicord, M.L. (1997). Intracellular calcium signaling by Jurkat T-Lymphocytes exposed to a 60 Hz magnetic field. In press.
Lyskov, E., Juutilainen, V., Jousmaki, V., Hanninen, O., Medvedev, S. & Partanen, J. (1993a). Influence of short-term exposure of magnetic field on the bioelectrical processes of the brain and performance. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 14, 227-231.
Lyskov, E., Sandström, M. & Mild, K. (1998). Physiological characteristics of persons with electrical hypersensitivites. Final Report Project RALF 96/0535.
Lyskov, E.B., Juutilainen, J., Jousmaki, V., Partanen, J., Medvedev, S. & Hanninen, O. (1993b). Effects of 45 Hz magnetic Fields on the functional state of the human brain. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 87-95.
MacDonald, D.K. (1962). Correlation, frequency spectrum, and distribution function. In Noise and fluctuations: An Introduction. pp. 44-59. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: New York.
MacGinitie, L.A., Gluzband, Y.A. & Grodzinsky, A.J. (1994). Electric field stimulation can increase protein systhesis in articular cartilage explants. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 12, 151-160.
Mader, D.L. & Peralta, S.B. (1992). Residential exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields from appiances. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 287-301.
Malkin, R., Moss, C.E., Loomis, D.P., Savitz, D.A. & Ananth, C.V. (1994). Re: breast cancer mortality among female electrical workers in the United States (letter and reply). Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 86, 1801-1802.
Malmivuo, J. & Plonsey, R. (1995). Bioelectromagnetism: Principles and Applications of Bioelectrric and Biomagnetic Fields. Oxford University Press: New York.
Mammi, G.I., Rocchi, R., Cadossi, R., Massari, L. & Traina, G.C. (1993). The electrical stimulation of tibial osteotomies. double-blind study. Clinical Orthopaedics, 246-253.
Mandeville, R., Franco, E., Sidrac-Ghali, S., Paris-Nadon, L., Rocheleau, N., Mercier, G., Desy, M. & Gaboury, L. (1997). Evaluation of the potential carcinogenicity of 60 Hz linear sinusoidal continuous-wave magnetic fields in Fisher F344 rats. FASEB Journal, 11, 1127 - 1136.
Maresh, C.M., Cook, M.R., Cohen, H.D., Graham, C. & Gunn, W.S. (1988). Exercise testing in the evaluation of human responses to powerline frequency fields. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 59, 1139-1145.
Margonato, V., Nicolini, P., Conti, R., Zecca, L., Veicsteinas, A. & Cerretelli, P. (1995). Biologic effects of prolonged exposure to ELF electromagnetic fields in rats: II. 50 Hz magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 343-355.
Margonato, V., Veicsteinas, A., Conti, R., Nicolini, P. & Cerretelli, P. (1993). Biologic effects of prolonged exposure to ELF electromagnetic fields in rats. I. 50 Hz electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 479-493.
Marino, A., Berger, T., Austin, B., Becker, R. & Hart, F. (1977). In vivo bioelectrochemical changes associated with exposure to extremely low frequency electric fields. Physiological Chemistry and Physics, 9, 433-441.
Marino, A.A., Becker, R.O. & Ullrich, B. (1976). The effect of continuous exposure to low frequency electric fields on three generations of mice: a pilot study. Experientia, 32, 565-566.
Marino, A.A., Reichmanis, M., Becker, R.O., Ullrich, B. & Cullen, J.M. (1980). Power frequency electric field induces biological changes in successive generations of mice. Experientia, 36, 309-311.
Markov, M.S., Wang, S. & Pilla, A.A. (1993). Effects of weak low frequency sinusoidal and dc magnetic fields on myosin phosphorylation in a cell-free preparation. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 30, 119-125.
Martin, S.R., Teleman, A.A., Bayley, P.M., Drakenberg, T. & Forsen, S. (1985). Kinetics of calcium dissociation from calmodulin and its tryptic fragments. a stopped-flow fluorescence study using quin 2 reveals a two-domain structure. European Journal of Biochemistry., 151, 543-550.
Matanoski, G.M., Breysse, P.N. & Elliott, E.A. (1991). Electromagnetic field exposure and male breast cancer. Lancet, 337, 737.
Matanoski, G.M., Elliott, E.A., Breysse, P.N. & Lynberg, M.C. (1993). Leukemia in telephone lineman. American Journal of Epidemiology, 137, 609-619.
McCann, J., Dietrich, F. & Rafferty, C. (1998). The genotoxic potential of electric and magnetic fields - an update. Mutation Research, 7481.
McCann, J., Dietrich, F., Rafferty, C. & Martin, A.O. (1993). A critical review of the genotoxic potential of electric and magnetic fields. Mutation Research, 297, 61-95.
McCormick, D.L., Ryan, B.M., Findlay, J.C., Gauger, J.R., Johnson, T.R., Morrissey, R.L. & Boorman, G.A. (1998). Magnetic field exposure and risk of lymphoma in PIM transgenic and TSG-p53 (p53 knockout) mice. Carcinogenesis, In press.
McElhaney, J.H., Stalnaker, R. & Bullard, R. (1968). Electric fields and bone loss of disuse. Journal of Biomechanics, 1, 47-52.
McLauchlan, K.A. (1989). Magnetokinetics, mechanistics and synthesis. Chemistry in Britain (Sept), 895-898.
McLean, J., Thansandote, A., Lecuyer, D., Goddard, M., Tryphonas, L., Scaiano, J.C. & Johnson, F. (1995). A 60 Hz magnetic field increases the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas in mice previously exposed to chemical carcinogens. Cancer Letters, 92, 121-125.
McLean, J.R.N., Stuchly, M.A., Mitchel, R.E.J., Wilkinson, D., Yang, H., Goddard, M., Lecuyer, D.W., Schunk, M., Callary, E. & Morrison, D. (1991). Cancer promotion in a mouse-skin model by a 60 Hz magnetic field: II. Tumor development and immune response. Bioelectromagnetics, 12, 273-287.
McLean, J.R.N., Thansandote, A., Lecuyer, D. & Goddard, M. (1997). The effect of 60 Hz magnetic fields on co-promotion of chemically induced skin tumors on SENCAR mice: a discussion of three studies. Environmental Health Perspectives, 105, 94-96.
McLeod, B.R., Smith, S.D., Cooksey, K.E. & Liboff, A.R. (1987a). Ion cyclotron resonance frequencies enhance Ca2+-dependent motility in diatoms. Journal of Bioelectricity, 6, 1-12.
McLeod, B.R., Smith, S.D. & Liboff, A.R. (1987b). Calcium and potassium cyclotron resonance curves and harmonics in diatoms (A. Coffaeformis). Journal of Bioelectricity, 6, 153-168.
McLeod, K.J. (1992). Microelectrode measurements of low frequency electric field effects in cells and tissues. Bioelectromagnetics, 1, 161-178.
McLeod, K.J. (1998). Suppression of a differentiation response in MC-3T3-E1 osteoblastic cell line by sustained, low level, 30 hz electric field exposure. In press.
McLeod, K.J., Donahue, H.J., Levin, P.E., Fontaine, M.-A. & Rubin, C.T. (1993a). Electric fields modulate bone cell function in a density-dependent manner. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 8, 977-984.
McLeod, K.J. & Guilak, F. (1993). Differential effects of normal and tangenital ELF electric field exposure on bone cells (ROS 17/2.8) growing in monolayer. In BEMS pp. 99-100: Los Angeles, CA.
McLeod, K.J., Lee, R.C. & Ehrlich, H.P. (1987c). Frequency dependence of electric field modulation of fibroblast protein synthesis. Science, 236, 1465-1469.
McLeod, K.J. & Rubin, C.T. (1990). Frequency specific modulation of bone adaptation by induced electric fields. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 145, 385-96.
McLeod, K.J. & Rubin, C.T. (1992). The effect of low-frequency electrical fields on osteogenesis. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume, 74, 920-929.
McLeod, K.J. & Rubin, C.T. (1998). In vivo sensitivity of bone tissue to electromagnetic field exposure. , in press.
McLeod, K.J., Rubin, C.T., Donahue, H.J. & Guilak, F. (1993b). The role of polarization forces in mediating the interaction of low frequency electric fields with living tissue. In Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine, Blank, M. (ed).
McNamara, B. & Wiesenfeld, K. (1989). Theory of stochastic resonance. Physical Review A, 39, 4854-4869.
Meade, T.J. & Kayyem, J.F. (1995). Electron transfer through DNA: site-specific modification of duplex dma with ruthenium donors and acceptors. Angewandte Chemie International Ed. in English., 34, 352-354.
Meinert, R. & Michaelis, J. (1996). Meta-analyses of studies on the association between electromagnetic fields and childhood cancer. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, 35, 11-18.
Merchant, C.J., Renew, D.C. & Swanson, J. (1994). Occupational exposures to power-frequency magnetic fields in the electricity supply industry. Journal of Radiological Protection, 14, 155-164.
Merritt, R., Purcell, C. & Stroink, G. (1983). Uniform magnetic field produced by three, four, and five square coils. Review of Scientific Instruments, 54, 879-882.
Mevissen, M., Buntenkotter, S. & Löscher, W. (1994). Effects of static and time-varying (50 Hz) magnetic fields on reproduction and fetal development in rats. Teratology, 50, 229-237.
Mevissen, M., Haubler, M., Lerchl, A. & Löscher, W. (1998a). Acceleration of mammary tumorigenesis by exposure of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-100-µT magnetic field: replication study. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 53, 401-418.
Mevissen, M., Haussler, M., Szamel, M., Emmendorffer, A., Thun-Battersby, S. & Löscher, W. (1998b). Complex effects of long-term 50 Hz magnetic field exposure in vivo on immune functions in female Sprague-Dawley rats depend on duration of exposure. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 259-270.
Mevissen, M., Kietzmann, M. & Löscher, W. (1995). In vivo exposure of rats to a weak alternating magnetic field increases ornithine decarboxylase activity in the mammary gland by a similar extent as the carcinogen DMBA. Cancer Letters, 90, 207-214.
Mevissen, M., Lerchl, A. & Löscher, W. (1996a). Study on pineal function and DMBA-induced breast cancer formation in rats during exposure to a 100-mg, 50 Hz magnetic field. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 48, 169-185.
Mevissen, M., Lerchl, A., Szamel, M. & Löscher, W. (1996b). Exposure of DMBA-treated female rats in a 50 Hz, 50 microtesla magnetic field: effects on mammary tumor growth, melatonin levels and T-lymphocyte activation. Carcinogenesis, 17, 903-910.
Mevissen, M., Stamm, A., Buntenkotter, S., Zwingelberg, R., Wahnschaffe, U. & Löscher, W. (1993). Effects of magnetic fields on mammary tumor development induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 131-143.
Meyer, T. & Stryer, L. (1991). Calcium spiking. Annual Review of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, 20, 153-174.
Michaelis, J., Schuz, H., Meiner, R., Zemann, E., Grigat, J.-P., Kaatsch, P., Kaletsch, U., Miesner, A., Brinkmann, K., Kalkner, W. & Karner, H. (1998). Combined Risk Estimates for Two German Population-Based Case-Control Studies on Residential Magnetic FIelds and Childhood Acute Leukemia. Epidemiology, 9, 92 - 94.
Michaelis, J., Schuz, J., Meinert, R., Menger, M., Grigat, J.P., Kaatsch, P., Kaletsch, U., Miesner, A., Stamm, A., Brinkmann, K. & Karner, H. (1997). Childhood leukemia and electromagnetic fields: results of a population- based case-control study in Germany. Cancer Causes Control, 8, 167-174.
Milham, S. (1982). Mortality from leukemia in workers exposed to electrical and magnetic fields (Letter to the editor). New England Journal of Medicine, 307, 249.
Milham, S. (1985). Mortality in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields. Environmental Health Perspectives, 62, 297-300.
Miller, A.B., To, T., Agnew, D.A., Wall, C. & Green, L.M. (1996). Leukemia following occupational exposure to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields among Ontario electricity utility workers. American Journal of Epidemiology, 144, 150-160.
Miller, D.L. & Creim, J.A. (1997). Comparison of cardiac and 60 Hz magnetically induced electric fields measured in anaesthetized rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 317-323.
Miller, G.J., Burchardt, H., Enneking, W.F. & Tylkowski, C.M. (1984). Electromagnetic stimulation of canine bone grafts. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume, 66, 693-698.
Miller, M.A., Murphy, J.R., Miller, T.I. & Ruttenber, A.J. (1995). Variation in cancer risk estimates for exposure to powerline frequency electromagnetic fields: a meta-analysis comparing EMF measurement methods. Risk Analalysis, 15, 281-287.
Miller, S.C. & Furniss, M.J. (1998). No effect of low energy 60 hz electromagnetic field on inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate level in the DT-40 lymphoma B cell model system. Journal of Biological Chemistry, In press.
Miller, S.C. & Moulder, J.E. (1998). Publication of negative results is an essential part of the scientific process. Radiation Research, In press.
Misakian, M. (1997). Vertical circularly polarized ELF magnetic fields and induced electric fields in culture media. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 524-526.
Misakian, M. & Kaune, W.T. (1990). Optimal experimental design for in vitro studies with ELF magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 11, 251-255.
Misakian, M., Silva, J., Baishiki, A., J., Conri, R., Deno, D., Jaffa, K., Niles, K., Olsen, R., Stewart, J. & Wong, P. (1991). Measurements of power frequency magnetic fields away from power lines. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 6, 901-911.
Miyakashi, J., Koji, Y., Wakasa, T. & Takebe, H. (1998). Long-term exposures to magnetic field (5mT at 60 Hz) do not increase mutations, but slightly enhance X-ray-induced mutations. Radiation Research, In press.
Miyakoshi, J., Mori, Y., Yamagishi, N., Yagi, K. & Takebe, H. (1998). Suppression of high-density magnetic field (400 mT at 50 Hz)-induced mutations by wild-type p53 expression in human osteosarcoma cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 243, 579-584.
Miyakoshi, J., Ohtsu, S., Shibata, T. & Takebe, H. (1996). Exposure to magnetic field (5 mT at 60 Hz) does not affect cell growth and c-myc gene expression. Journal of Radiation Research (CHIBA), 37, 185-191.
Monti, M.G., Pernecco, L., Moruzzi, M.S., Battini, R., Zaiol, P. & Barbiroli, B. (1991). Effect of ELF pulsed electromagnetic fields on protein kinase C activation process in HL-60 leukemia cells. Journal of Bioelectricity, 10, 119-130.
Mooney, V. (1990). A randomized double-blind prospective study of the efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic fields for interbody lumbar fusions. Spine, 15, 708-712.
Morandi, M.A., Pak, C.M., Caren, R.P. & Caren, L.D. (1996). Lack of an EMF-induced genotoxic effect in the Ames assay. Life Science, 59, 263-271.
Moss, C.E. & Booher, D. (1995). NIOSH health hazard evaluation report. HETA 91-0048-2506, New York Telaphone Company. CDC, NIOSH: New York, New York.
Moss, F.M. & Wiesenfeld, K. (1995). The benefits of background noise. Scientific American, 66-69.
Mubarak, A.A.S. & Mubarak, A.A.S. (1996). Does high voltage electricity have an effect on the sex distribution of offspring? (letter). Human Reproduction, 11, 230-231.
Mullins, R.D., Sisken, J.E., Hejase, H.A.N. & Sisken, B.F. (1993). Design and characterization of a system for exposure of cultured cells to extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields over a wide range of field strengths. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 173-186.
Murphy, J.C., Kaden, D.A., Warren, J. & Sivak, A. (1993). Power frequency electric and magnetic fields: a review of genetic toxicity. Mutation Research, 296, 221-240.
Murray, J.C. & Farndale, R.W. (1985). Modulation of collagen production in cultured fibroblasts by a low-frequency pulsed magnetic field. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 838, 98-105.
Murthy, K.K., Rogers, W.R. & Smith, H.D. (1995). Initial studies on the effects of combined 60 Hz electric and magnetic field exposure on the immune system of nonhuman primates. Bioelectromagnetics, 3, 93-102.
Myers, A., Clayden, A.D., Cartwright, R.A. & Cartwright, S.C. (1990). Childhood cancer and overhead powerlines: a case-control study. British Journal of Cancer, 62, 1008-1014.
Nafziger, J., Desjobert, H., Benamar, B., Guillosson, J.J. & Adolphe, M. (1993). DNA mutations and 50 Hz electromagnetic fields. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 30, 133-141.
Nair, I. & Zhang, J. (1995). Distinguishability of the video display terminal (VDT) as a source of magnetic field exposure. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 28, 23-39.
Nasca, P.C., Baptiste, M.S., MacCubbin, P.A., Metzger, B.B., Carlton, K., Greenwald, P., Armbrustmacher, V.W., Earle, K.M. & Waldman, J. (1988). An epidemiologic case-control study of central nervous system tumors in children and parental occupational exposures. American Journal of Epidemiology, 128, 1256-1265.
Neutra, R., DelPizzo, V., Lee, G., Leonard, A., Stevenson, M. & Hristova, L. (1996). Progess report from the California EMF program. In The annual review of research on biological effects of electric and magnetic fields from the generation, delivery and use of electricity. pp. P-78. DOE, NIEHS, EPRI: San Antonio, Texas.
Neutra, R.R. & del Pizzo, V. (1996). When 'wire codes' predict cancer better than spot measurements of magnetic fields. Epidemiology, 7, 217-218.
Newcomb, P.A., Storer, B.E., Longnecker, M.P., Mittendorf, R., Greenberg, E.R., Clapp, R.W., Burke, K.P., Willett, W.C. & MacMahon, B. (1994). Lactation and a reduced risk of premenopausal breast cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 330, 81-97.
Nicholls, D.G. (1982). The interaction of bioenergetic organelles with their environment. In Bioenergetics pp. 167-175. Academic Press: New York.
Niehaus, M., Bruggemeyer, H., Behre, H.M. & Lerchl, A. (1997). Growth retardation, testicular stimulation, and increased melatonin synthesis by weak magnetic fields (50 Hz) in Djungarian hamsters, Phodopus sungorus. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication, 234, 707-711.
Nielsen, N. & Schneider, T. (1998). Particle deposition onto a human head: influence of electrostatic and wind fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 246-258.
Nindl, G., Swez, J.A., Miller, J.M. & Balcavage, W.X. (1997). Growth stage dependent effects of electromagnetic fields on DNA synthesis of Jurkat cells. FEBS Letters, 414, 501-506.
NIOSH. (1990). An Investigation of Electric and Magnetic Fields and Operator Exposure Produced by VDTs: NIOSH VDT Epidemiology Study. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health: Cincinnati, OH.
NIOSH. (1996). Questions and answers: EMF in the workplace. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; U.S. Department of Energy.
Noji, H., Yasuda, R., Yoshida, M. & Kinosita, K. (1997). Direct observation of the rotation of F1-ATPase. Nature, 386, 299-302.
Nordenson, I., Mild, K.H., Andersson, G. & Sandström, M. (1994). Chromosomal aberrations in human amniotic cells after intermittent exposure to fifty hertz magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 293-301.
Nordenson, I., Mild, K.H., Sandström, M. & Mattsson, M.-O. (1992). Effect of low frequency magnetic fields on the chromosomal level in human amniotic cells. Interaction Mechanisms of Low-Level Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems. B. Norden, C. Ramel, eds., Oxford: Oxford Science Publications, 240-250.
NRC, Stevens, C.F.C.C., Savitz, D.A.V.C., Anderson, L.E., Driscoll, D.A., Gage, F.H., Garwin, R.L., Jelinski, L.W., Kelman, B.J., Luben, R.A., Reiter, R.J., Slovic, P., Stolwijk, J.A.J., Stuchly, M.A., Wartenberg, D., Waugh, J.S. & Williams, J.R. (1997). Possible Health Effects of Exposure to Residential Electric and Magnetic Fields. National Academy Press: Washington DC.
NRPB. (1992). Electromagnetic fields and the risk of cancer: Report of an advisory group on non-ionising radiation. Vol. 3 (1). Documents of the National Radiation Protection Board: Oxon.
NTP. (1998a). Studies of Magnetic Field Promotion in Sprague-Dawley Rats. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institute of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Toxicology Program: Research Triangle Park, NC.
NTP. (1998b). Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of 60 Hz magnetic fields in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (whole body exposure studies). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Toxicology Program: Research Triangle Park, NC.
O'Brien, W.J., Murray, H.M. & Orgel, M.G. (1984). Effects of pulsing electromagnetic fields on nerve regeneration correlation of electrophysiologic and histochemical parameters. Journal of Bioelectricity, 3, 33-40.
Ohtsu, S., Miyakoshi, J., Tsukada, T., Hiraoka, M., Abe, M. & Takebe, H. (1995). Enhancement of beta-galactosidase gene expression in rat pheochromocytoma cells by exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 212, 104-109.
Okonogi, H., Nakagawa, M. & Tsuji, Y. (1996). The effects of a 4.7 T static magnetic field on the frequency of micronucleated cells induced by mitomycin C. Tokushima Journal of Experimental Medicine, 180, 209-215.
Olsen, J.H., Nielsen, A. & Schulgen, G. (1993). Residence near high voltage facilities and risk of cancer in children. Britrish Medical Journal, 307, 891-895.
Olsen, R., Bracken, D., Chartier, V., Dovan, T., Jaffa, K., Misakian, M. & Stewart, J. (1991). An evaluation of instrumentation used to measure AC power system magnetic fields. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 6, 373-383.
Orr, J.L., Rogers, W.R. & Smith, H.D. (1995). Exposure of baboons to combined 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields does not produce work stoppage or affect operant performance on a match-to-sample task. Bioelectromagnetics, 3, 61-70.
Ossenkopp, K.-P. & Cain, D.P. (1988). Inhibitory effects of acute exposure to low-intensity 60 Hz magnetic fields on electrically kindled seizures in rats. Brain Research, 442, 255-260.
Ossenkopp, K.-P. & Cain, D.P. (1991). Inhibitory effects of powerline-frequency (60 Hz) magnetic fields on pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures and mortality in rats. Behavioural Brain Research, 44, 211-216.
Ossenkopp, K.P. & Kavaliers, M. (1987a). Clinical and applied aspects of magnetic field exposure: a possible role for the endogenous opioid systems. Journal of Bioelectricity, 7, 189-208.
Ossenkopp, K.P. & Kavaliers, M. (1987b). Morphine-induced analgesia and exposure to low-intensity 60 Hz magnetic fields: inhibition of nocturnal analgesia in mice is a function of magnetic-field intensity. Brain Research, 418, 356-360.
Ottani, V., De Pasquale, V., Govoni, P., Franchi, M., Zaniol, P. & Ruggeri, A. (1988). Effects of pulsed extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields on skin wounds in the rat. Bioelectromagnetics, 9, 53-62.
Otter, M.W., Rubin, C.T. & McLeod, K.J. (1998). Stochastic modulation of cell shape by low-level mechanical loading. In press.
Otto, D., Baumann, S. & Robinson, G. (1985). Application of a portable microprocessor-based system for electrophysiological field testing of neurotoxicity. Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology, 7, 409-414.
Owen, R.D. (1998). MYC mRNA adundance is unchanged in subcultures of HL60 cells exposed to power-line frequency magnetic fields. Radiation Research, 150.
Pafkova, H. & Jerabek, J. (1994). Interaction of MF 50 Hz, 10 mT with high dose of X-rays: evaluation of embryotoxicity in chick embryos. Reviews on Environmental Health, 10, 235-241.
Pafkova, H., Jerabek, J., Tejnorova, I. & Bednar, V. (1996). Developmental effects of magnetic field (50 Hz) in combination with ionizing radiation and chemical teratogens. Toxicology Letters, 88, 313-316.
Pafkova, H., Tejnorova, I. & Jerabek, J. (1994). Study of the effects of 50 Hz magnetic field on embryonic development: dependence on field level and field vector. Reviews on Environmental Health, 10, 225-233.
Paile, W., Jokela, K., Koivistoinen, A. & Salomaa, S. (1995). Effects of 50 Hz sinusoidal magnetic fields and spark discharges on human lymphocytes in vitro. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 36, 15-22.
Pakhomova, O.N., Belt, M.L., Mathur, S.P., Lee, J.C. & Akyel, Y. (1998). Ultra-wide band electromagnetic radiation and mutagenesis in yeast. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 128-130.
Parker, J.E. & Winters, W. (1992). Expression of gene-specific RNA in cultured cells exposed to rotating 60 Hz magnetic fields. Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 70, 237-241.
Parkinson, W.C. & Hanks, C.T. (1989). Search for cyclotron resonance in cells in vitro. Bioelectromagnetics, 10, 129-145.
Patino, O., Grana, D., Bolgiani, A., Prezzavento, G., Mino, J., Merlo, A. & Benaim, F. (1996). Pulsed electromagnetic fields in experimental cutaneous wound healing in rats. Journal of Burn Care and Rehabilitation, 17, 528-531.
Pattengale, P.K. & Taylor, C.R. (1983). Experimental models of lymphoproliferative disease. the mouse as a model for human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and related leukemias. American Journal of Pathology, 113, 237-265.
Pearce, B. (1984). Health Hazards of VDT's. John Wiley & Sons: New York.
Peskin, C.S., Odell, G.M. & Oster, G.F. (1993). Cellular motions and thermal fluctuations: the brownian ratchet. Biophysical Journal, 65, 316-324.
Pethig, R. (1979). Dielectric and Electronic Properties of Biological Materials. John Wiley & Sons: New York.
Pfluger, D.H. & Minder, C.E. (1996). Effects of exposure to 16.7 Hz magnetic fields on urinary 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate excretion of swiss railway workers. Journal of Pineal Research, 21, 91-100.
Phillips, J.L., Haggren, W., Thomas, W.J., Ishida-Jones, T. & Adey, W.R. (1992). Magnetic field-induced changes in specific gene transcription. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1132, 140-144.
Phillips, J.L., Haggren, W., Thomas, W.J., Ishida-Jones, T. & Adey, W.R. (1993). Effect of 72 Hz pulsed magnetic field exposure on ras p21 expression in CCRF-CEM cells. Cancer Biochemistry Biophysics, 13, 187-193.
Phillips, J.L. & McChesney, L. (1991). Effect of 72 Hz pulsed magnetic field exposure on macromolecular synthesis in CCRF-CEM cells. Cancer Biochemistry Biophysics, 12, 1-7.
Picazo, M.L., De Miguel, M.P., Leyton, V., Franco, P., Varela, L., Paniagua, R. & Bardasano, J.L. (1995a). Long-term effects of ELF magnetic fields on the mouse testis and serum testosterone levels. Electro- and Magnetobiology, 14, 127-134.
Picazo, M.L., de Miguel, M.P., Romo, M.A., Varela, L., Franco, P., Gianonatti, C. & Bardasano, J.L. (1996). Changes in mouse adrenal gland functionality under second-generation chronic exposure to ELF magnetic fields. I. males. Electro Magnetobiol, 15, 85-98.
Picazo, M.L., Sanz, P., Vallejo, D., Alvarez-Ude, J.A. & Bardasano, J.L. (1995b). Effects of ELF magnetic fields on hematological parameters: an experimental model. Electro- and Magnetobiology, 14, 75-89.
Picazo, M.L., Vallejo, D. & Bardasano, J.L. (1994). An introduction to the study of ELF magnetic field effects on white blood cells in mice. Electro- and Magnetobiology, 13, 77-84.
Pienkowski, D., Pollack, S.R., Brighton, C.T. & Griffith, N.J. (1994). Low-power electromagnetic stimulation of osteotomized rabbit fibulae: a randomized, blinded study. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume, 76, 489-501.
Podd, J.V., Whittington, C.J., Barnes, G.R.G., Page, W.H. & Rapley, B.I. (1995). Do ELF magnetic fields affect human reaction time? Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 317-323.
Podgoretskii, M. & Khrustalev, O.A. (1963). O nekotorykh interferenzionnykh yavleniyakh v kvantovykh perekohodakh. Uspekhi fizichesskykh nauk, Sov. Phys-Uspekhi, 81, 271-247.
Pohl, H.A. (1978). Dielectrophoresis. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
Pohl, H.A. (1983). Cellular spin resonance, a new method for determining the dielectric properties of living cells. International Journal of Quantum Chemistry, 10, 161.
Polk, C. (1986). Introduction. In CRC Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields pp. 1-24. CRC Press, Inc.: Boca Raton, FL.
Polk, C. (1990). Electric fields and surface charges induced by ELF magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 11, 189-201.
Polk, C. (1992a). Counter-ion polarization and low-frequency, low electric field intensity biological effects. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 28, 279-289.
Polk, C. (1992b). Dosimetric extrapolations of extremely-low-frequency electric and magnetic fields across biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics, 1, 205-208.
Polk, C. (1992c). Dosimetry of extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 13, 209-235.
Polk, C. (1994). Effects of extremely-low frequency magnetic fields on biological magnetite. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 261-270.
Polk, C. (1995). Bioelectromagnetic Dosimetry. In Electromagnetic Fields Biological Interactions and Mechanisms., Blank, M. (ed) pp. 57-78. American Chemical Society: Washington, DC.
Polk, C. (1997). Can static magnetic fields affect proton and electron transfer within the inner mitochondrial membrane. In The Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields From the Generation, Delivery & Use of Electricity.: San Diego, CA.
Polk, C. & Wu, S.H. (1994). AC/DC magnetic field synergism: comments on the Lednev and "IPR" models. In The Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields From the Generation, Delivery & Use of Electricity pp. 18: Albuquerque, NM.
Poole, C., Kavet, R., Funch, D.P., Donelan, K., Charry, J.M. & Dreyer, N.A. (1993). Depressive symptoms and headaches in relation to proximity of residence to an alternating-current transmission line right-of-way. American Journal of Epidemiology, 137, 318-330.
Poole, C. & Ozonoff, D. (1996). Magnetic fields and childhood cancers. an investigation of dose response analyses. IEEE Engeneering in Medicine and Biology, 15, 41-49.
Poole, C. & Trichopoulos, D. (1991). Extremely low-frequency electric and magnetic fields and cancer. Cancer Causes and Control, 2, 267-276.
Portet, R. & Cabanes, J. (1988). Development of young rats and rabbits exposed to a strong electric field. Bioelectromagnetics, 9, 95-104.
Portier, C., & Wolfe, M., eds. (1997). EMF Science Review Symposium Breakout Group Reports for Theoretical Mechanisms and In Vitro Research Findings. Research Triangle Park, NC: National Institue of Environmental Health Sciences: Durham, NC.
Portier, C., & Wolfe, M., eds. (1998a). EMF Science Review Symposium Breakout Group Reports for Epidemiolgical Research Findings. Research Triangle Park, NC: National Institue of Environmental Health Sciences: San Antonio, TX.
Portier, C., & Wolfe, M., eds. (1998b). EMF Science Review Symposium Breakout Group Reports for Clinical and In Vivo Laboratory Findings. Research Triangle Park, NC: National Institue of Environmental Health Sciences: Pheonix, AZ.
Post, W., Kromhout, H., Heederik, D., Noy, D. & Duijzentkunst, R.S. (1991). Semiquantitative estimates of exposure to methylene chloride and styrene: the influence of quantitative exposure data. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 6, 197-204.
Prasad, A.V., Miller, M.W., Carstensen, E.L., Cox, C., Azadniv, M. & Brayman, A.A. (1991). Failure to reproduce increased calcium uptake in human lymphocytes at purported cyclotron resonance exposure conditions. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, 30, 305-320.
Prato, F.S., Kavaliers, M. & Carson, J.J.L. (1996). Behavioural evidence that magnetic field effects in the land snail, Cepaea nemoralis, might not depend on magnetite or induced electric currents. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 123-130.
Prato, F.S., Kavaliers, M., Cullen, A.P. & Thomas, A.W. (1997). Light-dependent and -independent behavioral effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields in a land snail are consistent with a parametric resonance mechanism. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 284-291.
Preston-Martin, S., Gurney, J.G., Pogoda, J.M., Holly, E.A. & Mueller, B.A. (1996a). Brain tumor risk in children in relation to use of electric blankets and water bed heaters. Results from the United States west coast childhood brain tumor study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 143, 1116-1122.
Preston-Martin, S., Navidi, W., Thomas, D., Lee, P.-J., Bowman, J. & Pogoda, J. (1996b). Los Angeles study of residential magnetic fields and childhood brain tumors. American Journal of Epidemiology, 143, 105-119.
Preston-Martin, S., Peters, J.M., Yu, M.C., Garabrant, D.H. & Bowman, J.D. (1988). Myelogenous leukemia and electric blanket use. Bioelectromagnetics, 9, 207-213.
Price, N.C. & Dwek, R.A. (1984). Principles and Problems in Physical Chemistry for Biochemists. Second Edition. Clarendon Press: Oxford.
Price, N.C. & Stevens, L. (1989). Fundamentals of Enzymology. Second Edition. Oxford University Press: New York.
Quinlan, W.J., Petrondas, D., Lebda, N., Pettit, S. & Michaelson, S.M. (1985). Neuroendocrine parameters in the rat exposed to 60 Hz electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 6, 381-389.
Rainteau, D., Wolf, C. & Lavialle, F. (1989). Effects of calcium and calcium analogs on calmodulin: Fourier transform infrared and electron spin resonance investigation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1011, 81-87.
Rannug, A., Ekström, T., Mild, K.H., Holmberg, B., Gimenez-Conti, I. & Slaga, T.J. (1993a). A study on skin tumour formation in mice with 50 Hz magnetic field exposure. Carcinogenesis, 14, 573-578.
Rannug, A., Holmberg, B., Ekström, T. & Mild, K.H. (1993b). Rat liver foci study on coexposure with 50 Hz magnetic fields and known carcinogens. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 17-27.
Rannug, A., Holmberg, B., Ekström, T., Mild, K.H., Gimenez-Conti, I. & Slaga, T.J. (1994). Intermittent 50 Hz magnetic field and skin tumor promotion in SENCAR mice. Carcinogenesis, 15, 153-157.
Rannug, A., Holmberg, B. & Mild, K.H. (1993c). A rat liver foci promotion study with 50 Hz magnetic fields. Environmental Research, 62, 223-229.
Rao, S. & Henderson, A.S. (1996). Regulation of c-fos is affected by electromagnetic fields. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 63, 358-365.
Rappaport, S.M., Kromhout, H. & Symanski, E. (1993). Variation of exposure between workers in homogeneous exposure groups. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 54, 654-662.
Rasmussen, H. & Barrett, P.Q. (1984). Calcium messenger system: an integrated view. Physiological Reviews, 64, 938-984.
Rea, W.J., Pan, Y., Fenyves, E.J., Sujisawa, I., Suyama, H., Samadi, N. & Ross, G.H. (1991). Electromagnetic field sensitivity. Journal of Bioelectricity, 10, 241-256.
Reese, J.A., Frazier, M.E., Morris, J.E., Buschbom, R.L. & Miller, D.L. (1991). Evaluation of changes in diatom mobility after exposure to 16 Hz electromagnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 12, 21-25.
Reese, J.A., Jostes, R.F. & Frazier, M.E. (1988). Exposure of mammalian cells to 60 Hz magnetic or electric fields: analysis for DNA single-strand breaks. Bioelectromagnetics, 9, 237-247.
Reichmanis, M., Perry, F.S., Marino, A.A. & Becker, R.O. (1979). Relation between suicide and the electromagnetic field of overhead power lines. Physiological Chemistry and Physics, 11, 395-403.
Reilly, J.P. (1992). Electrical Stimulation and Electropathology. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
Reiter, R.J. (1997). Antioxidant actions of melatonin. Advances in Pharmacology, 38, 103-117.
Reiter, R.J., Anderson, L.E., Buschbom, R.L. & Wilson, B.W. (1988). Reduction of the nocturnal rise in pineal melatonin levels in rats exposed to 60 Hz electric fields in utero and for 23 days after birth. Life Science, 42, 2203-2206.
Ritov, S. (1976). Introduction to statistical radiophysics, Part 1, Stochastic processes.: Moscow, Nauka.
Robison, L., Buckley, J. & Bunin, G. (1995). Assessment of environment and genetic factors in the etiology of childhood cancers: the childrens cancer group epidemiology program. Environmental Health Perspectives, 103, 111-116.
Rodemann, H.P., Bayreuther, K. & Pfleiderer, G. (1989). The differentiation of normal and transformed human fibroblasts in vitro is influenced by electromagnetic fields. Experimental Cell Research, 182, 610-621.
Rogers, W.R., Lucas, J.H., Cory, W.E., Orr, J.L. & Smith, H.D. (1995a). A 60 Hz electric and magnetic field exposure facility for nonhuman primates: design and operational data during experiments. Bioelectromagnetics, 3, 2-22.
Rogers, W.R., Orr, J.L. & Smith, H.D. (1995b). Initial exposure to 30 kV/m or 60 kV/m 60 Hz electric fields produces temporary cessation of operant behavior of nonhuman primates. Bioelectromagnetics, 3, 35-47.
Rogers, W.R., Orr, J.L. & Smith, H.D. (1995c). Nonhuman primates will not respond to turn off strong 60 Hz electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 3, 48-60.
Rogers, W.R., Reiter, R.J., Barlow-Walden, L., Smith, H.D. & Orr, J.L. (1995d). Regularly scheduled, day-time, slow-onset 60 Hz electric and magnetic field exposure does not depress serum melatonin concentration in nonhuman primates. Bioelectromagnetics Supplement, 3, 111-118.
Rogers, W.R., Reiter, R.J., Smith, H.D. & Barlow-Walden, L. (1995e). Rapid-onset/offset, variably scheduled 60 Hz electric and magnetic field exposure reduces nocturnal serum melatonin concentration in nonhuman primates. Bioelectromagnetics Supplement, 3, 119-122.
Rommereim, D.N., Rommereim, R.L., Miller, D.L., Buschbom, R.L. & Anderson, L.E. (1996). Developmental toxicology evaluation of 60 Hz horizontal magnetic fields in rats. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 11, 307-312.
Rommereim, D.N., Rommereim, R.L., Sikov, M.R., Buschbom, R.L. & Anderson, L.E. (1990). Reproduction, growth, and development of rats during chronic exposure to multiple field strengths of 60 Hz electric fields. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, 14, 608-621.
Rosenbaum, P.F., Vena, J.E., Zielezny, M.A. & Michalek, A.M. (1994). Occupational exposures associated with male breast cancer. American Journal Epidemiology, 139, 30-36.
Rosenberg, R.S., Duffy, P.H. & Sacher, G.A. (1981). Effects of intermittent 60 Hz high voltage electric fields on metabolism, activity, and temperature in mice. Bioelectromagnetics, 2, 291-303.
Rosenberg, R.S., Duffy, P.H., Sacher, G.A. & Ehret, C.F. (1983). Relationship between field strength and arousal response in mice exposed to 60 Hz electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 4, 181-191.
Rosenthal, M. & Obe, G. (1989). Effects of 50-hertz electromagnetic fields on proliferation and on chromosomal alterations in human peripheral lymphocytes untreated or pretreated with chemical mutagens. Mutation Research, 210, 210(2)329-335.
Rothman, K.R. (1986). Causal inference in epidemiology. In Modern Epidemiology pp. 7-21. Little, Brown and Company: Boston, MA.
Rubin, J., McLeod, K.J., Titus, L., Nanes, M.S., Catherwood, B.D. & Rubin, C.T. (1996). Formation of osteoblast-like cells is suppressed by low frequency, low intensity electric fields. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 14, 7-15.
Rudolph, K., Krauchi, K., Wirz-Justice, A. & Feer, H. (1985). Weak 50 Hz electromagnetic fields activate rat open field behavior. Physiology and Behavior, 35, 505-508.
Rusovan, A., Kanje, M. & Mild, K.H. (1992). The stimulatory effect of magnetic fields on regeneration of the rat sciatic nerve is frequency dependent. Experimental Neurology, 117, 81-84.
Russo, J., Gusterson, B.A., Rogers, A.E., Russo, I.H., Wellings, S.R. & van Zwieten, M.J. (1990). Biology of disease. Comparative study of human and rat mammary tumorigenesis. Laboratory Investigation, 62, 244-278.
Ryan, B.M., Mallett, E., Johnson, T.R., Gauger, J.R. & McCormick, D.L. (1996). Developmental toxicity study of 60 Hz (power frequency) magnetic fields in rats. Teratology, 54, 73-83.
Ryan, B.M., Symanski, R.R., Pomeranz, L.E., Johnson, T.R., Gauger, J.R. & McCormick, D.L. (1998). Multi-generation reproductive toxicity assessment of 60 Hz magnetic fields using a continuous breeding protocol in rats. , In press, 1-23.
Saffer, J.D. & Thurston, S.J. (1995). Short exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields do not alter myc expression in Hl60 or Daudi cells. Radiation Research, 144, 18-25.
Sagan, P.M., Stell, M.E., Bryan, G.K. & Adey, W.R. (1987). Detection of 60-hertz vertical electric fields by rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 8, 303-313.
Sahl, J.D., Kelsh, M.A. & Greenland, S. (1993). Cohort and nested case-control studies of hematopoietic cancers and brain cancer among electric utility workers. Epidemiology, 4, 104-114.
Sahl, J.D., Kelsh, M.A., Smith, R.W. & Aseltine, D.A. (1994). Exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields in the electric utility work environment. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 21-32.
Sakamoto, S., Hagino, N. & Winters, W.D. (1993). In vivo studies of the effect of magnetic field exposure on ontogeny of choline acetyltransferase in the rat brain. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 373-381.
Salzinger, K., Freimark, S., McCullough, M., Phillips, D. & Birenbaum, L. (1990). Altered operant behavior of adult rats after perinatal exposure to a 60 Hz electromagnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics, 11, 105-116.
Sandström, M., Lyskov, E., Berglund, A., Medvedev, S. & Mild, K. (1997). Neurophysiological effects of flickering light in patients with perceived electrical hypersensitivity. JOEM, 39, 15 - 22.
Sandström, M., Mild, K.H., Stenberg, B. & Wall, S. (1995). Skin symptoms among VDT workers and electromagnetic fields -- a case referent study. Indoor Air, 5, 29-37.
Sandweiss, J. (1990). On the cyclotron resonance model of ion transport. Bioelectromagnetics, 11, 203-205.
Sasser, L.B., Anderson, L.E., Morris, J.E., Miller, D.L., Walborg, E.F., Jr., Kavet, R., Johnston, D.A. & DiGiovanni, J. (1998). Lack of co-promoting effect of a 60 Hz magnetic field on skin tumorigenesis in sencar mice. Carcinogenesis.
Sasser, L.B., Morris, J.E., Miller, D.L., Rafferty, C.N., Ebi, K.L. & Anderson, L.E. (1996). Exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields does not alter clinical progression of LGL leukemia in fischer rats. Carcinogenesis, 17, 2681-2687.
Sastre, A., Cook, M.R. & Graham, C. (1998). Nocturnal exposure to intermittent 60 Hz magnetic fields alter human cardiac rhythm. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 98-106.
Savettieri, G., Salemi, G., Arcara, A., Cassata, M., Castiglione, M. & Fierro, B. (1991). A case-control study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuroepidemiology, 10, 242-245.
Savitz, D., Checkoway, H. & Loomis, D. (1998a). Magnetic field exposure and neurodegenerative disease mortality among electric utility workers. Epidemiology, In Press.
Savitz, D., Loomis, D. & Chiu-Kit, T. (1998b). Electrical occupations and neurodegenerative disease: analysis of U.S. mortality data. Achives of Environmental Health, 53, 1-5.
Savitz, D.A. (1993). Overview of epidemiologic research on electric and magnetic fields and cancer. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 54, 197-204.
Savitz, D.A., Boyle, C.A. & Holmgreen, P. (1994). Prevalence of depression among electrical workers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 25, 165-176.
Savitz, D.A., Dufort, V., Armstrong, B. & Thériault, G. (1997). Lung cancer in relation to employment in the electrical utility industry and exposure to magnetic fields. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 54, 396-402.
Savitz, D.A., John, E.M. & Kleckner, R.C. (1990). Magnetic field exposure from electric appliances and childhood cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 131, 763-773.
Savitz, D.A., Liao, D., Sastre, A. & Kleckner, R.C. (1998c). Magnetic field exposure and cardiovascular disease mortality among electric utility workers. , In press.
Savitz, D.A. & Loomis, D.P. (1995). Magnetic field exposure in relation to leukemia and brain cancer mortality among electric utility workers. American Journal of Epidemiology, 141, 123-134.
Savitz, D.A., Wachtel, H., Barnes, F.A., John, E.M. & Tvrdik, J.G. (1988). Case-control study of childhood cancer and exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields. American Journal of Epidemiology, 128, 21-38.
Sazonova, T. (1967). Physiological effects of work in the vicinity of 400-500 kV outdoor installations, Moscow, USSR, Institute of Labor Protection of All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions. In Study in the USSR of medical effects of electric fields on electric power systems. IEEE Engineering Society, Special Publication # 10: 6-9., Knickerbocker, G. (ed).
Scarfi, M.R., Bersani, F., Cossarizza, A., Monti, D., Castellani, G., Cadossi, R., Franceschetti, G. & Franceschi, C. (1991). Spontaneous and mitomycin-C-induced micronuclei in human lymphocytes exposed to extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication, 176, 194-200.
Scarfi, M.R., Bersani, F., Cossarizza, A., Monti, D., Zeni, O., Lioi, M.B., Franceschetti, G., Capri, M. & Franceschi, C. (1993). 50 Hz AC sinusoidal electric fields do not exert genotoxic effects (micronucleus formation) in human lymphocytes. Radiation Research, 135, 64-68.
Scarfi, M.R., Lioi, M.B., Della Noce, M., Zeni, O., Franceschi, C., Monti, D., Castellani, G. & Bersani, F. (1997a). Exposure to 100 Hz pulsed magnetic fields increases micronucleus frequency and cell proliferation in human lymphocytes. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 43, 77-81.
Scarfi, M.R., Lioi, M.B., Zeni, O., Franceschetti, G., Franceschi, C. & Bersani, F. (1994). Lack of chromosomal aberration and micronucleus induction in human lymphocytes exposed to pulsed magnetic fields. Mutation Research, 306, 129-133.
Scarfi, M.R., Prisco, F., Lioi, M.B., Zeni, O., Della Noce, M., Di Pietro, R., Franceschi, C., Iafusco, D., Motta, M. & Bersani, F. (1997b). Cytogenic effects induced by extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields in lymphocytes from Turner's syndrome subjects. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 43, 221-226.
Schiffman, A., Breysse, P., Kanchanaraksa, S., Cutler, T. & Fan, V. (1998). Characterization of extremely low frequency magnetic field exposures of office workers. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, in press.
Schimmelpfeng, J. & Dertinger, H. (1993). The action of 50 Hz magnetic and electric fields upon cell proliferation and cyclic AMP content of cultured mammalian cells. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 30, 143-150.
Schimmelpfeng, J. & Dertinger, H. (1997). Action of a 50 Hz magnetic field on proliferation of cells in culture. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 177-183.
Schimmelpfeng, J., Stein, J.-C. & Dertinger, H. (1995). Action of 50 Hz magnetic fields on cyclic AMP and intercellular communication in monolayers and spheroids of mammalian cells. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 381-386.
Schmitt, O. & Tucker, R. (1978). Human perception of moderate strength low frequency magnetic fields. IEEE Electromagnetic Symposium, 65-70.
Schnorr, T.M., Grajewski, B.A., Hornung, R.W., Thun, M.J., Egeland, G.M., Murray, W.E., Conover, D.L. & Halperin, W.E. (1991). Video display terminals and the risk of spontaneous abortion. New England Journal of Medicine, 324, 727-733.
Schroeder, J.C. & Savitz, D.A. (1997). Lymphoma and multiple myeloma mortality in relation to magnetic field exposure among electric utility workers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 32, 392-402.
Sears, F.W., Zemansky, M.W. & Young, H.D. (1976). University Physics. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company: Massachusetts.
Seegal, R.F., Wolpaw, J.R. & Dowman, R. (1989). Chronic exposure of primates to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields: II. neurochemical effects. Bioelectromagnetics, 10, 289-301.
Selmaoui, B., Bogdan, A., Auzeby, A., Lambrozo, J. & Touitou, Y. (1996a). Acute exposure to 50 hz magnetic field does not affect hematologic or immunologic functions in healthy young men: a circadian study. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 364-372.
Selmaoui, B., Lambrozo, J. & Touitou, Y. (1996b). Magnetic fields and pineal function in humans: evaluation of nocturnal acute exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields on serum melatonin and urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin circadian rhythms. Life Science, 58, 1539-1549.
Selmaoui, B., Lambrozo, J. & Touitou, Y. (1997). Endocrine functions in young men exposed for one night to a 50 Hz magnetic field. A circadian study of pituitary, thyroid and adrenocortical hormones. Life Science, 61, 473-486.
Selmaoui, B. & Touitou, Y. (1995). Sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic fields depress rat pineal nat activity and serum melatonin. role of duration and intensity of exposure. Life Science, 57, 1351-1358.
Sevcikova, H., Marek, M. & Muller, S.C. (1992). The reversal and splitting of waves in an excitable medium caused by an electrical field. Science, 257, 951-954.
Severson, R.K., Stevens, R.G., Kaune, W.T., Thomas, D.B., Heuser, L., Davis, S. & Sever, L.E. (1988). Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and residential exposure to power frequency magnetic fields. American Journal of Epidemiology, 128, 10-20.
Sharrard, W.J.W. (1990). A double-blind trial of pulsed electromagnetic fields for delayed union of tibial fractures. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [British], 72, 347-355.
Shen, Y.H., Shao, B.J., Chiang, H., Fu, Y.D. & Yu, M. (1997). The effects of 50 Hz magnetic field exposure on dimethylbenz(alpha)anthracene induced thymic lymphoma/leukemia in mice. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 360-364.
Shigemitsu, T., Takeshita, K., Shiga, Y. & Kato, M. (1993). 50 Hz magnetic field exposure system for small animals. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 107-116.
Shumaker, D.K., Sklar, M.D., Prochownik, E.V. & Varani, J. (1994). Increased cell-substrate adhesion accompanies conditional reversion to the normal pheotype in ras-oncogene-transformed NIH-3T3 cells. Experimental Cell Research, 214, 440-446.
Shuvalova, L.A., Ostrovskaya, M.V., Sosunov, E.A. & Lednev, V.V. (1991). Weak magnetic fields tuned to the parametric resonance condition changes the rate of calcium-calmodulin-dependent myosin phosphorylation. Reports of Academy of Sciences (USSR), 317, 227-230.
Sienkiewicz, Z.J., Haylock, R.G.E. & Saunders, R.D. (1996a). Acute exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields has no effect on the acquisition of a spatial learning task by adult male mice. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 180-186.
Sienkiewicz, Z.J., Haylock, R.G.E. & Saunders, R.D. (1998). Deficits in spatial learning after exposure of mice to a 50 Hz magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 79-84.
Sienkiewicz, Z.J., Larder, S. & Saunders, R.D. (1996b). Prenatal exposure to a 50 Hz magnetic field has no effect on spatial learning in adult mice. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 249-252.
Sienkiewicz, Z.J., Robbins, L., Haylock, R.G.E. & Saunders, R.D. (1994). Effects of prenatal exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields on development in mice: II. postnatal development and behavior. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 363-375.
Silny, J. (1986). The influence thresholds of the time-varying magnetic field in the human organism. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Biological Effects of Static and ELF-Magnetic Fields, Bernhardt (ed) pp. 1-11: Neuherberg.
Silva, M., Hummon, N., Rutter, D. & Hooper, C. (1989). Power frequency magnetic fields in the home. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 4, 465-478.
Simko, M., Kriehuber, R., Weiss, D.G. & Luben, R.A. (1998). Effects of 50 Hz EMF exposure on micronucleus formation and apoptosis in transformed and nontransformed human cell lines. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 85-91.
Singh, N. & Lai, H. (1998). 60 Hz magnetic field exposure induces DNA crosslinks in rat brain cells. Mutation Research, In press.
Sisken, B.F., Kanje, M., Lundborg, G., Herbst, E. & Kurtz, W. (1989). Stimulation of rat sciatic nerve regeneration with pulsed electromagnetic fields. Brain Research, 485, 309-316.
Sisken, J. (1998). Electic Power Research Institute., Report in progress.
Skotte, J.H. (1994). Exposure to power-frequency electromagnetic fields in Denmark. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health., 20, 132-138.
Smith, O.M., Goodman, E.M., Greenebaum, B. & Tipnis, P. (1991a). An increase in the negative surface charge of U937 cells exposed to a pulsed magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics, 12, 197-202.
Smith, R. & Justesen, D. (1977). Effects of a 60 Hz magnetic field on activity levels of mice. Radio Science, 12, 279-285.
Smith, R.F., Clarke, R.L. & Justesen, D.R. (1994). Behavioral sensitivity of rats to extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 15, 411-426.
Smith, R.L. & Nagel, D.A. (1983). Effects of pulsing electromagnetic fields on bone growth and articular cartilage. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 277-282.
Smith, S.D., McLeod, B.R. & Liboff, A.R. (1991b). Effects of resonant magnetic fields on chick femoral development in vitro. Journal of Bioelectrochemistry, 10, 81-99.
Smith, S.D., McLeod, B.R., Liboff, A.R. & Cooksey, K. (1987). Calcium cyclotron resonance and diatom mobility. Bioelectromagnetics, 8, 215-227.
Smith, T.J. (1987). Exposure assessment for occupational epidemiology. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 12, 249-268.
Sobel, E. & Davanipour, Z. (1996). Electromagnetic field exposure may cause increased production of amyloid beta and may eventually lead to Alzheimer's disease. Neurology, 47, 1594-1600.
Sobel, E., Davanipour, Z., Sulkava, R., Erkinjuntti, T., Wikstrom, J., Henderson, V.W., Buckwalter, G., Bowman, J.D. & Lee, P.-J. (1995). Occupations with exposure to electromagnetic fields: a possible risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. American Journal of Epidemiology, 142, 515-524.
Sobel, E., Dunn, M., Davanipour, Z., Qian, Z. & Chui, H.C. (1996). Elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease among workers with likely electromagnetic field exposure. Neurology, 47, 1477-1481.
Sontag, W. (1998). Action of extremely low frequency electric fields on the cytosolic calcium concentration of differentiated HL-60 cells: nonactivated cells. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 32-40.
Spadinger, I., Agnew, D. & Palcic, B. (1995). 3T3 cell motality and morphology before, during, and after exposure to extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 178-187.
Spitz, M.R. & Johnson, C.C. (1985). Neuroblastoma and paternal occupation, a case-control analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 121, 924-929.
Steinberg, M.S. & Foty, R.A. (1997). Intercellular adhesions as determinants of tissue assembly and malignant invasion. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 173, 135-139.
Stell, M., Sheppard, A.R. & Adey, W.R. (1993). The effect of moving air on detection of a 60 Hz electric field. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 67-78.
Stemp, E.D.A., Arkin, M.R. & Barton, J.K. (1995). Electron transfer between metallointercalators bound to DNA: spectral identification of the transient intermediate. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 117, 2375-2376.
Stenberg, B., Eriksson, N., Mild, K.H., Hoog, J., Sandström, M., Sundell, J. & Wall, S. (1995). Facial skin symptoms in visual display terminal (VDT) workers. A case-referent study of personal, psychosocial, building- and VDT-related risk indicators. International Journal of Epidemiology, 24, 796-803.
Stenlund, C. & Floderus, B. (1997). Occupational exposure to magnetic fields in relation to male breast cancer and testicular cancers: a Swedish case-control study. Cancer Causes Control, 8, 184-191.
Stern, S. & Justesen, D.R. (1995). Comments on 'Do rats show a behavioral sensitivity to low-level magnetic fields?' (letter and reply). Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 335-338.
Stern, S. & Laties, V.G. (1985). 60 Hz electric fields: detection by female rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 6, 99-103.
Stern, S. & Laties, V.G. (1989). Comparison of 60 Hz electric fields and incandescent light as aversive stimuli controlling the behavior of rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 10, 99-109.
Stern, S., Laties, V.G., Nguyen, Q.A. & Cox, C. (1996). Exposure to combined static and 60 Hz magnetic fields: failure to replicate a reported behavioral effect. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 279-292.
Stern, S., Laties, V.G., Stancampiano, C.V., Cox, C. & de Lorge, J.O. (1983). Behavioral detection of 60 Hz electric-fields by rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 4, 215-247.
Stevens, R.G. (1987). Electic power use and breast cancer: A hypothesis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 125, 556-561.
Stevens, R.G. (1995). Re: Risk of premenopausal breast cancer and use of electric blankets (letter and reply). American Journal of Epidemiology, 142, 446-447.
Stevens, R.G., Wilson, B.W. & Anderson, L.E. (1997). The Melatonin Hypothesis: Breast Cancer and Use of Electric Power pp. 1-760. Battelle Press: Columbus.
Stollery, B.T. (1986). Effects of 50 Hz electric currents on mood and verbal reasoning skills. British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 43, 339-349.
Stollery, B.T. (1987). Effects of 50 Hz electric currents on vigilance and concentration. British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 44, 111-118.
Stratton, J.A. (1941). Electromagnetic Theory. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.: New York.
Stryer, L. (1989). Molecular Design of Life. W.H. Freeman and Company: New York.
Stuchly, M.A., Lecuyer, D.W. & McLean, J.R.N. (1991). Cancer promotion in a mouse-skin model by a 60 Hz magnetic field: I. experimental design and exposure system. Bioelectromagnetics, 12, 261-271.
Stuchly, M.A., McLean, J.R.N., Burnett, R., Goddard, M., Lecuyer, D.W. & Mitchel, R.E.J. (1992). Modification of tumor promotion in the mouse skin by exposure to an alternating magnetic field. Cancer Letters, 65, 1-7.
Sun, W.Q., Heroux, P., Clifford, T., Sadilek, V. & Hamade, F. (1995). Characterization of the 60 Hz magnetic fields in schools of the Carleton Board of Education. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 56, 1215-1224.
Suri, A., deBoer, J., Kusser, W. & Glickman, B.W. (1996). A 3 millitesla 60 Hz magnetic field is neither mutagenic nor co-mutagenic in the presence of menadione and MNU in a transgenic rat cell line. Mutation Research, 372, 23-31.
Sussman, S.S. (1995). Exposure assessment at extremely low-frequencies: issues, instrumentation, modeling, and data. Radio Science, 30, 151-159.
Sussman, S.S., Kheifets, L.I., O'Dowd, K.J., Lovely, R.H., Buschbom, R.L., Slavich, A.L., Anderson, L.E., Hansen, N.H. & Wilson, B.W. (1996). Re: 'Adult leukemia risk and personal appliance use: a preliminary study' (letter and responses). American Journal of Epidemiology, 143, 743-745.
Swanbeck, G. & Bleeker, T. (1989). Skin problems from visual display units. Acta Dermato Venereologica, 69, 46-51.
Takahashi, K., Kaneko, I., Date, M. & Fukada, E. (1986). Effect of pulsing electromagnetic fields on DNA synthesis in mammalian cells in culture. Experientia, 42, 185-186.
Takahashi, K., Kaneko, I., Date, M. & Fukada, E. (1987). Influence of pulsing electromagnetic field on the frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges in cultured mammalian cells. Experientia, 43, 331-332.
Takano-Yamamoto, T., Kawakami, M. & Sakuda, M. (1992). Effect of a pulsing electromagnetic field on demineralized bone-matrix-induced bone formation in a bony defect in the premaxilla of rats. Journal of Dental Research, 71, 1920-1925.
Takashima, S. (1989). Electrical Properties of Biopolymers and Membranes. Adam Hilger: Philadelphia.
Tarlie, M.B. & Astumian, R.D. (1998). Optimal modulation of a Brownian ratchet and enhanced sensitivity to a weak external force. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 95, 2039-2043.
Tarone, R.E., Kaune, W.T., Linet, M.S., Hatch, E.E., Kleinerman, R.A., Robison, L.L., Boice, J.D. & Wacholder, S. (1998). Residential wire codes: reproducibility and relation with measured magnetic fields. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 55, 333-339.
Teresiak, Z. & Szuba, M. (1989). Harmful effects of electric field on human organism and methods of protection in high current engineering objects. In Sixth International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering pp. 1-4: New Orleans, LA.
Thériault, G., Goldberg, M., Miller, A.B., Armstrong, B., Guénel, P., Deadman, J., Imbernon, E., To, T., Chevalier, A., Cyr, D. & Wall, C. (1994). Cancer risks associated with occupational exposure to magnetic fields among electric utility workers in Ontario and Quebec, Canada, and France: 1970-1989. American Journal of Epidemiology, 139, 550-572.
Thomas, J.R., Schrot, J. & Liboff, A.R. (1986). Low-intensity magnetic fields alter operant behavior in rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 7, 349-357.
Thompson, J.M., Stormshak, F., Lee, J.M., Jr., Hess, D.L. & Painter, L. (1995). Cortisol secretion and growth in ewe lambs chronically exposed to electric and magnetic fields of a 60 Hz 500-kilovolt AC transmission line. Journal of Animal Science, 73, 3274-3280.
Tofani, S., Ferrara, A., Anglesio, L. & Gilli, G. (1995). Evidence for genotoxic effects of resonant ELF magnetic fields. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 36, 9-13.
Tornqvist, S. (1998). Paternal work in the power industry: effects on children at delivery. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 40, 111-117.
Tremblay, L., Houde, M., Mercier, G., Gagnon, J. & Mandeville, R. (1996). Differential modulation of natural and adaptive immunity in fischer rats exposed for 6 weeks to 60 Hz linear sinusoidal continuous-wave magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 373-383.
Trillo, M.A., Ubeda, A., Blanchard, J.P., House, D.E. & Blackman, C.F. (1996). Magnetic fields at resonant conditions for the hydrogen ion affect neurite outgrowth in pc-12 cells: a test of the ion parametric resonance model. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 10-20.
Tropea, B.I. & Lee, R.C. (1992). Thermal injury kinetics in electrical trauma. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 114, 241-250.
Truong, H., Smith, J.C. & Yellon, S.M. (1996). Photoperiod control of the melatonin rhythm and reproductive maturation in the juvenile djungarian hamster: 60 Hz magnetic field exposure effects. Biology of Reproduction, 55, 455-460.
Truong, H. & Yellon, S.M. (1997). Effect of various acute 60 Hz magnetic field exposures on the nocturnal melatonin rise in the adult djungarian hamster. Journal of Pineal Research, 22, 177-183.
Trzeciak, H.I., Grzesik, J., Bortel, M., Kuska, R., Duda, D., Michnik, J. & Maecki, A. (1993). Behavioral effects of long-term exposure to magnetic fields in rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 14, 287-297.
Tsuji, H., Larson, M., Venditti, F., Manders, E., Evans, J., Feldman, C. & Levy, D. (1996). Impact of reduced heart rate variability on risk for cardiac events. The Framington heart study. Circulation, 94, 2850-2855.
Tsuji, H., Venditti, F.J., Manders, E.S., Evans, J.C., Larson, M.G., Feldman, C.L. & Levy, D. (1994). Reduced heart rate variability and mortality risk in an elderly cohort; the Framingham heart study. Circulation, 90, 878-883.
Tucker, R.D. & Schmitt, O.H. (1978). Tests for human perception of 60 Hz moderate strength magnetic fields. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 25, 509-518.
Tynes, T., Andersen, A. & Langmark, F. (1992). Incidence of cancer in Norwegian workers potentially exposed to electromagnetic fields. American Journal of Epidemiology, 136, 81-88.
Tynes, T. & Haldorsen, T. (1997). Electromagnetic fields and cancer in children residing near norwegian high-voltage power lines. American Journal of Epidemiology, 145, 219-226.
Tynes, T., Jynge, H. & Vistnes, A.I. (1994). Leukemia and brain tumors in Norwegian railway workers, a nested case-control study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 139, 645-653.
Ubeda, A., Trillo, M.A., House, D.E. & Blackman, C.F. (1995). A 50 Hz magnetic field blocks melatonin-induced enhancement of junctional transfer in normal C3H/10T1/2 Cells. Carcinogenesis, 16, 2945-2949.
Uckun, F.M., Kurosaki, T., Jin, J., Jun, X., Morgan, A., Takata, M., Bolen, J. & Luben, R. (1995). Exposure of B-lineage lymphoid cells to low energy electromagnetic fields stimulates lyn kinase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 270, 27666-27670.
USDT, F.R.A. (1993). Safety of High Speed Guided Ground Transportation Systems, Magnetic and Electric Field Testing of the Amtrak Northeast Corridor and New Jersey Coast Line Rail Systems, Volume I: Analysis. Office of Research and Development: Washington, D.C.
Valberg, P., Kaune, W.T. & Wilson, B. (1995). Designing EMF experiments: what is required to characterize 'exposure'? (article, comments and reply). Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 396-406.
Valberg, P.A., Kavet, R. & Rafferty, C.N. (1997). Can low-level 50/60 Hz electric and magnetic fields cause biological effects? Radiation Research, 148, 2-21.
Valjus, J., Hongisto, M., Verkasalo, P., Jarvinnen, P., Heikkila, K. & Koskenvuo, M. (1995). Residential exposure to magnetic fields generated by 110-400 kV power lines in finland. Bioelectromagnetics, 16, 365-376.
Valtersson, U., Mild, K.H. & Mattsson, M.-O. (1997). Ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine levels are different in Jurkat and CEM-CM3 cells after exposure to a 50 Hz magnetic field. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 43, 169-172.
Vander Molen, M. (1997). The integrative role of gap juctional intercellular in bone remodeling: an osteoblast model. In Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Stony Brook pp. 1-159.
Vasquez, B.J., Anderson, L.E., Lowery, C.I. & Adey, W.R. (1988). Diurnal patterns in brain biogenic amines of rats exposed to 60 Hz electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 9, 229-236.
Vaughan, T.E. & Weaver, J.C. (1996). Energetic constraints on the creation of cell membrane pores by magnetic particles. Biophysical Journal, 71, 616-622.
Vaughan, T.E. & Weaver, J.C. (1998). Molecular change due to biomagnetic stimulation and transient magnetic fields: mechanical interference constraints on possible effects by cell membrane pore creation via magnetic particles. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, in press.
Vaughn, B.V., Quint, S.R., Messenheimer, J.A. & Robertson, K.R. (1995). Heart rate variability in sleep. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 94, 155-162.
Veicsteinas, A., Belleri, M., Cinquetti, A., Parolini, S., Barbato, G. & Molinari Tosatti, M.P. (1996). Development of chicken embryos exposed to an intermittent horizontal sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 411-424.
Vena, J.E., Freudenheim, J.L., Marshall, J.R., Laughlin, R., Swanson, M. & Graham, S. (1994). Risk of premenopausal breast cancer and use of electric blankets. American Journal of Epidemiology, 140, 974-979.
Vena, J.E., Graham, S., Hellmann, R., Swanson, M. & Brasure, J. (1991). Use of electric blankets and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 134, 180-185.
Vena, J.E., Marshall, J.R., Freudenheim, J.L., Swanson, M. & Graham, S. (1995). The author's reply to Stevens' Re: Risk of premenopausal breast cancer and use of electric blankets. American Journal of Epidemiology, 142, 446-447.
Verkasalo, P., Heikkila, K., Pukkala, E., Hongisto, M., Valjus, J., Jarvinen, P. & Koskenvuo, M. (1994). Risk of cancer and exposure to power lines (letter). British Medical Journal, 308, 1163.
Verkasalo, P.K. (1996). Magnetic fields and leukemia -- risk for adults living close to power lines. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 22, 1-56.
Verkasalo, P.K., Pukkala, E., Hongisto, M.Y., Valjus, J.E., Jarvinen, P.J., Heikkila, K.V. & Koskenvuo, M. (1993). Risk of cancer in Finnish children living close to power lines. British Medical Journal, 307, 895-898.
Verkasalo, P.K., Pukkala, E., Kaprio, J., Heikkila, K.V. & Koskenvuo, M. (1996). Magnetic fields of high voltage power lines and risk of cancer in finnish adults: nationwide cohort study. British Medical Journal, 313, 1047-1051.
Verveen, A.A. & DeFelice, L.J. (1968). Membrane Noise. In Progress in Biophysics, Butler, J.A. & Noble, D. (eds) pp. 189-265. New York.
Verveen, A.A. & DeFelice, L.J. (1974). Membrane noise. In Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology., Butler, J.A.V. & Noble, D. (eds), Vol. 28. pp. 191-265. Pergamon Press.
Wachtel, H. (1979). Firing-pattern changes and transmembrane currents produced by extremely low frequency fields in pacemaker neuron. NTIS Document No. CONF-781016:132-146 Hanford Life Sciences Symposium, 18th Annual Meeting, 16-18 October, 1978, Richland, WA.
Waldhauser, F., Ehrhart, B. & Forster, E. (1993). Clinical aspects of the melatonin actin: impact of development, aging, and puberty, involvement of melatonin in psychiatric disease and importance of neuroimmunoendocrine interactions. Experientia, 49, 671-681.
Walleczek, J. (1995). Magnetokinetic effects on radical pairs: a paradigm for magnetic field interactions with biological systems at lower than thermal energy. Advances in Chemistry Series 250:395-420 Electromagnetic Fields: Biological Interactions and Mechanisms. M. Blank, ed., Washington, DC: American Chemical Society.
Walleczek, J. & Budinger, T.F. (1992). Pulsed magnetic field effects on calcium signaling in lymphocytes: dependence on cell status and field intensity. FEBS Letters, 314, 351-355.
Walleczek, J. & Liburdy, R.P. (1990). Nonthermal 60 Hz sinusoidal magnetic-field exposure enhances (45)Ca2+ uptake in rat thymocytes: dependence on mitogen activation. FEBS Letters, 271, 157-160.
Walleczek, J., Shiu, E. & Hahn, G.M. (1998). Increase in radiation-induced HPRT gene mutation frequency from nonthermal exposure to non-ionizing 60 Hz electromagnetic fields. Radiation Research, In press, 1-30.
Walter, R.J., Shtil, A.A., Roninson, I.B. & Holian, O. (1997). 60 Hz electric fields inhibit protein kinase C activity and multidrug resistance gene (MDRI) up-regulation. Radiation Research, 147, 369-375.
Wang, T., Hawkins, L. & Rea, W. Effects of ELF magnetic fields on patients with chemical sensitivities. Biomediavl Effects of Electromagnetic Fields; Graz, E.M.
Wartenberg, D., Dietrich, F., Goldberg, R., Poole, C. & Savitz, D. (1998). A meta-analysis of studies of childhood cancer and residential exposure to magnetic fields. Report for the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences: Research Triangle Park, NC.
Weaver, J.C. & Chizmadzhev, Y. (1996). Electroporation. In Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields., Polk, C. & Postow, E. (eds) pp. 247-274. CRC Press, Inc.
Weaver, J.C., Martin, G.T. & Vaughan, T.E. (1997). Molecular changes due to temperature variations within biological systems are larger than those expected from weak EMF exposures. In The Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields From the Generation, Delivery & Use of Electricity pp. A-19: San Diego, CA.
Weaver, J.C., Vaughan, T.E., Adair, R.K. & Astumian, R.D. (1998). Theoretical limits on the threshold for the response of long cells to weak ELF electric fields due to ionic and molecular flux rectification. Biophysical Journal, in press.
Weigel, R.J., Jaffe, R.A., Lundsrom, D.L., Forsythe, W.C. & Anderson, L.E. (1987). Stimulation of cutaneous mechanoreceptors by 60 Hz electric fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 8, 337-350.
Weigel, R.J. & Lundstrom, D.L. (1987). Effect of relative humidity on the movement of rat vibrissae in a 60 Hz electric field (brief communication). Bioelectromagnetics, 8, 107-110.
Weisbrot, D.R., Khorkova, O., Lin, H., Henderson, A.S. & Goodman, R. (1993). The effect of low frequency electric and magnetic fields on gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 31, 167-177.
Wenzl, T.B. (1997). Estimating magnetic field exposure of rail maintenance workers. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 58, 667-671.
Werner, H., Schulten, K. & Weller, A. (1978). Electron transfer and spin exchange contributing to the magnetic field dependence of the primary phototchemical reaction of bacterial photosynthesis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 502, 255-268.
Wertheimer, N. & Leeper, E. (1979). Electrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 109, 273-284.
Wertheimer, N. & Leeper, E. (1982). Adult cancer related to electrical wires near the home. International Journal of Epidemiology, 11, 345-355.
Wertheimer, N. & Leeper, E. (1986). Possible effects of electric blankets and heated waterbeds on fetal development. Bioelectromagnetics, 7, 13-22.
Wertheimer, N. & Leeper, E. (1987). Magnetic field exposure related to cancer subtypes. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 502, 43-54.
Wertheimer, N., Leeper, E., Jones, T.L., Shih, C.H., Thurston, D.H., Ware, B.J. & Cole, P. (1994). Bias in studies of electromagnetic fields (letter and reply). Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 47, 1081-1083.
West, R.W., Hinson, W.G., Lyle, D.B. & Swicord, M.L. (1994). Enhancement of anchorage-independent growth in JB6 cells exposed to 60 hertz magnetic fields. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 34, 39-43.
Whitson, G.L., Carrier, W.L., Francis, A.A., Shih, C.C., Georghiou, S. & Regan, J.D. (1986). Effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) electric fields on cell growth and DNA repair in human skin fibroblasts. Cell and Tissue Kinetics, 19, 39-47.
Wiesenfeld, K., Pierson, D., Pantazelou, E., Dames, C. & Moss, F. (1994). Stochastic resonance on a circle. Physical Review Letters, 72, 2125-2129.
Wilkins, J.R., 3rd. & Hundley, V.D. (1990). Paternal occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and neuroblastoma in offspring. American Journal of Epidemiology, 131, 995-1008.
Wilkins, J.R., III & Wellage, L.C. (1996). Brain tumor risk in offspring of men occupationally exposed to electric and magnetic fields. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 22, 339-345.
Wilson, B., Lee, G., Yost, M., Davis, K., Heimbigner, T. & Buschbom, R. (1996). Magnetic field characteristics of electric bed-heating devices. Bioelectromagnetics, 17, 174-179.
Wilson, B.W. (1988). Chronic exposure to ELF fields may induce depression. Bioelectromagnetics, 9, 195-205.
Wilson, B.W., Anderson, L.E., Hilton, D.I. & Phillips, R.D. (1981). Chronic exposure to 60 Hz electric fields: effects on pineal function in the rat. Bioelectromagnetics, 2, 371-380.
Wilson, B.W., Chess, E.K. & Anderson, L.E. (1986). 60 Hz electric-field effects on pineal melatonin rhythms: time course for onset and recovery. Bioelectromagnetics, 7, 239-242.
Wilson, B.W. & Matt, K.S. (1997). Effect of EMF exposure on the neuroendocrine system. In The Melatonin Hypothesis: Breast Cancer and the Use of Electric Power, R. G. Stevens, B.W.W., L. E. Anderson (ed) pp. 527-552. Battelle Press: Columbus, Ohio.
Wilson, B.W., Matt, K.S., Morris, J.E., Saser, L.B., Miller, D.L. & Anderson, L.E. (1998). Effects of 60 Hz magnatic fields exposure on the pineal and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus). Bioelectromagnetics.
Wilson, B.W., Wright, C.W., Morris, J.E., Buschbom, R.L., Brown, D.P., Miller, D.L., Sommers-Flannigan, R. & Anderson, L.E. (1990). Evidence for an effect of ELF electromagnetic fields on human pineal gland function. Journal of Pineal Research, 9, 259-269.
Wojciechowski, B.W. (1975). Chemicals Kinetics for Chemical Engineers. Sterling Swift Publishing Company: Manchaca, TX.
Woloschak, G.E., Paunesku, T., Chang-Liu, C., Loberg, L., Gauger, J. & McCormick, D. (1998). Changes in gene expression following EMF exposure. In press, 1-5.
Wolpaw, J.R., Seegal, R.F. & Dowman, R. (1989). Chronic exposure of primates to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields: I. exposure system and measurements of general health and performance. Bioelectromagnetics, 10, 277-288.
Wood, A.W., Armstrong, S.M., Sait, M.L., Devine, L. & Martin, M.J. (1997). Changes in human plasma melatonin profiles in responce to 50 Hz magnetic field exposure. Journal of Pineal Research, submitted.
Yasui, M., Kikuchi, T., Ogawa, M., Otaka, Y., Tsuchitani, M. & Iwata, H. (1997). Carcinogenicity test of 50 Hz sinusoidal magnetic fields in rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 18, 531-540.
Yellon, S.M. (1994). Acute 60 Hz magnetic field exposure effects on the melatonin rhythm in the pineal gland and circulation of the adult djungarian hamster. Journal of Pineal Research, 16, 136-144.
Yellon, S.M. (1996). 60 Hz magnetic field exposure effects on the melatonin rhythm and photoperiod control of reproduction. American Journal of Physiology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 33, 816-821.
Yellon, S.M. & Truong, H.N. (1998). Melatonin rhythm onset in the adult siberian hamster: influence of photoperiod but not 60 Hz magnetic field exposure on melatonin content in the pineal gland and in circulation. Journal of Biological Rhythms, 13, 52-59.
Yost, M.G., Lee, G.M., Duane, B.D., Fisch, J. & Neutra, R.R. (1992). California protocol for measuring 60 Hz magnetic fields in residences. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 7, 772-777.
Yost, M.G. & Liburdy, R.P. (1992). Time-varying and static magnetic fields act in combination to alter calcium signal transduction in the lymphocyte. FEBS Letters, 296, 117-122.
Yost, M.G., Touchstone, J.A., Wrensch, M., Miike, R., Carozza, S.E. & Bowman, J.D. (1997). Development of a population based job-exposure matrix for 60 Hz magnetic fields. In The Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields From the Generation, Delivery & Use of Electricity pp. 112-113: San Diego, CA.
Zaffanella, L. (1993). Survey of residential magnetic field sources. Volume 1: Goals, results and conclusions. Volume 2: Protocol, data analysis, and management. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA, Final Report, September, Report Nos. TR-102759-V1 and TR-102759-V2., 224-248.
Zaffanella, L. & Kalton, G. (1998). Survey of personal magnetic field exposure; Phase I: Pilot study and design of phase II.: Oak Ridge, Tennesee.
Zaffanella, L.E., Kavet, R., Pappa, J.R. & Sullivan, T.P. (1997). Modeling magnetic fields in residences: validation of the resicalc program. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 7, 241-259.
Zecca, L., Ferrario, P., Margonato, V., Cerretelli, P. & Zonta, N. (1991). Neurotransmitter amino acid variations in striatum of rats exposed to 50 Hz electric fields. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1075, 1-5.
Zecca, L., Mantegazza, C., Margonato, V., Cerretelli, R., Caniatti, M., Piva, R., Dondi, D. & Hagino, N. (1998). Biological effects of prolonged exposure to elf electromagnetic fields in rats: III. 50 Hz electromagnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 19, 57-66.
Zimmerman, S., Zimmerman, A.M., Winters, W.D. & Cameron, I.L.
(1990). Influence of 60 Hz magnetic fields on sea urchin development.
Bioelectromagnetics, 11, 37-45.